# Taostats Docs — Understanding Taostats > Taostats is the block explorer, data API and analytics platform for Bittensor and the TAO token. These docs cover the Taostats API, the MCP server, the TypeScript SDK, Bittensor Auth, the apps, and the Bittensor concepts behind them. The "Understanding Taostats" section of https://beta.taostats.io/docs. The index of every docs page is https://beta.taostats.io/llms.txt and the whole corpus is https://beta.taostats.io/llms-full.txt. Each page below is also available on its own at the `_Source:` URL with `.md` appended. --- # Understanding Taostats How to read and use taostats.io. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ How to read and use taostats.io. Each card below is an area of the product — open it to see every topic. - [Using Taostats](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/using-taostats) — An orientation to reading and using taostats.io. - [What is Taostats?](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/what-is-taostats) — What Taostats is and what it does. - [Where to buy TAO](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/where-to-buy) — Exchanges and options for buying TAO. - [Accounts](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/accounts) — Account pages, delegation, and staking flows. - [Subnets](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets) — Subnet pages, statistics, metagraph, and charts. - [Validators](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/validators) — Finding and reading validator data on Taostats. - [Miners](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/miners) — Miner views and distribution charts. - [Chain](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/chain) — Blocks, runtime, sudo, and transfers on-chain. - [Events](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/events) — Browsing and inspecting chain events. - [Extrinsics](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/extrinsics) — Extrinsics: lists, detail, batch, multisig, and proxy. - [Taostats Pro](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro) — Dashboard, portfolio, apps, and the API. --- # Overview taostats.io is a full-featured blockchain explorer and portfolio manager for Bittensor. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/using-taostats_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ taostats.io is a full-featured blockchain explorer and portfolio manager for Bittensor. This section explains every feature of the product itself — how to buy TAO, manage an account, browse subnets, stake, validate, mine, and use Pro tools. ## Pick where to start ## Where to buy TAO Exchanges, on-ramps, and how to acquire TAO before you can stake, validate, or transact. [Where to buy →](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/where-to-buy) ## Accounts Coldkey and hotkey basics, single-account view, sending and transferring, delegation, staking instructions, the staking and transfer apps, limit orders, and troubleshooting. [Accounts →](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/accounts/accounts) ## Subnets Browse subnets on taostats.io, use the single-subnet page, subnet pools, sentiment, deregistration ranking, and top-subnets-by-emission. [Subnets →](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/subnets) ## Validators The validator explorer — single-validator page, performance history, and validator-alpha-shares breakdown. [Validators →](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/validators/validators) ## Miners Miner discovery, per-subnet miner stats, and mining on taostats. [Miners →](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/miners/taostats-for-miners) ## Chain, Events, Extrinsics Block explorer, event stream, extrinsic search, transfers, and the underlying substrate chain data. [Chain →](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/chain/blocks) ## Pro Portfolio tracking, tax reports, alerts, the Pro API, MEV shield, and every feature that's part of taostats.io Pro. [Pro →](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/portfolio) ## Not sure what taostats is? Read [What is Taostats](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/what-is-taostats) for a five-minute overview, or [Getting started with Bittensor](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/start-here/getting-started-with-bittensor) if you're new to the ecosystem. ## Looking for the API instead? The [API reference](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/api-reference) covers all 156 endpoints across 32 groups. If you want to build against taostats data programmatically, that's your entry point. --- # What is Taostats? What Taostats is, what data it shows about Bittensor, and where to start reading about its pages and tools. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/what-is-taostats_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ [Taostats](https://taostats.io) is the Blockchain Explorer and Data Analytics Platform for Bittensor. Taostats provides real time and historical data on the state of Bittensor subnets, miners, and validators as well as details on blocks, accounts, transfers and delegation events. In this section, we will break down every graph, chart, and page on Taostats to allow users to better understand the data being presented. ## TL;dr ### [Taostats: For Miners](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/miners/taostats-for-miners) Leverage Taostats as a Miner ### [Taostats: For Staking](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/staking/taostats-for-staking) Dig into the data to stake your tao ### [Taostats: For Validators](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/validators/validators) Taostats charts for validators ### Staking #### [Staking: Taostats Subnet page](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/staking-taostats-subnet-page) #### [Taostats Staking App](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/taostats-staking-app) #### [Switch Validators](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/taostats-transfer-app) ## Taostats basics * [Subnets](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/subnets): Extract the data from each subnet on the Bittensor network. * [Delegation](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/accounts/delegation): Delegate your tao to validators * [Validators](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/validators/validators): Learn about the validators on Bittensor. * [Accounts](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/accounts/accounts): Dig into hotkeys and coldkeys and extract information from your account. --- # Where to buy TAO TAO is listed on a range of centralized and decentralized exchanges. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/where-to-buy_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ TAO is listed on a range of centralized and decentralized exchanges. See [taostats.io/buy](https://taostats.io/buy) for the current, canonical list — each card links straight to the exchange's TAO market. ![Taostats where-to-buy page showing a grid of clickable exchange cards, each with a logo, name, and external-link icon](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-general-where-to-buy-exchanges.png) Once you hold TAO, you can [connect your wallet](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/wallets-accounts/connecting-your-wallet) and [stake it](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/staking/taostats-for-staking) to start earning. --- # Accounts Accounts: Accounts, Single account page, Delegation, Staking instructions _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/accounts_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ - [Accounts](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/accounts/accounts) - [Single account page](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/accounts/single-account-page) - [Delegation](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/accounts/delegation) - [Staking instructions](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/accounts/staking-instructions) --- # Accounts Blockchain -> Accounts lands at the blockchain page, and highlights the Accounts table. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/accounts/accounts_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ **[Blockchain -> Accounts](https://x.taostats.io/#accounts)** lands at the blockchain page, and highlights the Accounts table. This table lists all of the accounts on the Bittensor blockchain and is initially sorted by the total tao associated with the coldkey. ![Taostats blockchain Accounts table listing Bittensor accounts with columns for account, free balance, delegated balance, and total in TAO and USD, plus balance and network filters, search, and CSV export](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-blockchain-accounts-table.png) * **Account**: coldkey for the wallet. * **Free**: tao that is not delegated * **Delegated**: tao that is delegated. * **Total**: A sum of free and delegated. * **Last Update**: The last block where a change was made. --- # Single account page The Single Account page gives you details about a wallet address _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/accounts/single-account-page_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ The Single Account page gives you details about a wallet address ## URL Format The general format for the URL is `https://taostats.io/account/` address. See an [example wallet](https://taostats.io/account/5CcH9xVPJY2Nc9Wovft6Lr2qoQzefEEJfqgVhSrXdAx2ixGr). ## Summary The top of the page has a wallet summary: ![Taostats account summary panel with balance, delegated breakdown, 24-hour change, and creation date cards plus block, address, and public key metadata](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-account-summary-panel.png) * **Balance**: Both in tao and USD. The arrow indicates the % change in the last 24 hours. * **Delegated**: Bar chart breaking down the distribution of tao. * Staked to root * Staked in alpha * Free tao * [Liquidity](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/api-reference) Positions: amount in liqudity positions * Reserved: Tao placed in reserve (generally when a proxy is added) * **24h balance change**: In tao and USD. * **Wallet Creation Date**: Date the wallet was created * **Address**: coldkey and public key ## Alpha Balances This table shows all alpha stakes with initial sort on % of stake ![Taostats account Alpha Balances table with columns for subnet, validator, percent of stake, alpha balance, and TAO-equivalent balance, plus a currency toggle and pagination](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-account-alpha-balances-table.png) * **Subnet**: The subnet with stake * **Validator**: Validator that is staked to * **Chart**: Dropdown opens a chart (see [Alpha chart](#alpha-chart) ) * **% of stake**: Percentage of stake (converted to tao) * **Balance**: Alpha balance * **Balance Tao**: Alpha balance converted to tao. * **Data** ### Alpha chart For each stake held, there is a chart with a carat. Clicking opens a drawer in the table. ![Taostats account alpha stake row expanded to a drawer showing 24-hour change cards and a dual-axis line chart of alpha and TAO balance over time](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-account-alpha-balance-chart-drawer.png) * 24 hour change in alpha and tao * Chart of historical stake - showing both value in tao (red) and value in alpha (teal) ## Alpha Staking Transactions ![Taostats account Transactions table with subnet, amount, and type filters and columns for time, action, subnet, delegate, alpha, tao, and tao price](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-account-staking-transactions-table.png) This table can be sorted by Subnet, Type, and Amount * **Time**: when the transaction took place (mouseover for exact time in GMT) * **Action**: Buy, Sell, Transfer In, Transfer Out. * Buy and sell are transfers of tao and alpha * Transfer in/out are changes in validator or Subnet of alpha. * **Subnet**: The alpha purchased/sold * **Delegate**: The validator staked to. * **Alpha**: The amount in alpha * **Tao**: the amount in tao. * **Tao Price** the price of the alpha (in Tao) at the time of transaction. * **TXN** a link to the Extrinsic of the transaction. ## Transfers: Tao Transactions This table lists all transactions of tao in and out of the wallet ![Taostats account Transfers table listing TAO transfers with columns for direction, extrinsic, from, to, amount, and time, plus filters and CSV export](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-account-tao-transfers-table.png) * **Arrow**: Green indicates "tao coming in", red indicates "tao going out" * **Extrinsic**: the chain extrinsic for the transaction. Clicking opens the extrinsic * **From**: Coldkey sending tao * **To**: Coldkey receiving tao * **Amount**: tao sent * **Time**: When the transaction occurred. Mouseover for GMT date/time ## Extrinsics This table lists the account's on-chain extrinsics — the signed calls this coldkey has submitted. * **Extrinsic**: the extrinsic ID; clicking opens its [detail page](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/extrinsics/extrinsics-detail). * **Block**: the block the extrinsic was included in. * **Call**: the pallet and method called (e.g. `Balances.transfer`, `SubtensorModule.add_stake`). * **Time**: when it was submitted (mouseover for exact GMT). ## Proxies The Proxies tab lists every [proxy](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/security/securing-a-wallet) set on the account, and the type of each. * **Delegate**: the account authorised to act on this coldkey's behalf. * **Type**: the proxy type, which scopes what the delegate may do (e.g. `Any`, `Staking`, `Transfer`, `Governance`). * **Delay**: the announcement delay (in blocks) before a proxied call can execute, if set. ## Claims The Claims tab lists the account's most recent **root claims** — the manual `claim_root` calls that realise root staking rewards under [Root Reborn](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/staking/root-validator-baskets). * **Time**: when the claim was made. * **Amount**: the TAO realised by the claim. * **Extrinsic**: link to the `claim_root` extrinsic. ## Conviction The Conviction tab shows the [conviction](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/chain-runtime/conviction-v2) this account has placed, per subnet. * **Subnet**: the subnet the conviction is locked on. * **Conviction**: the current conviction weight. * **Locked**: the alpha locked and, where applicable, the unlock schedule. --- # Delegation The staking transactions table on Taostats, and how to filter it by subnet, amount and transaction type. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/accounts/delegation_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ ![Taostats Staking Transactions table with subnet, amount, and type filters and columns for time, action, subnet, delegate, alpha, tao, tao price, and coldkey](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-staking-transactions-table.png) Filter staking transactions by subnet, amount and type. This table is a duplicate of that on the taostats homepage. --- # Staking instructions What you need before you stake, and where to find the guides for staking on Taostats, in the Taostats apps and from the command line. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/accounts/staking-instructions_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ In order to stake, you must have a wallet with tao in it. [Connecting your wallet](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/wallets-accounts/connecting-your-wallet) [Staking on the Taostats Subnet page](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/staking-taostats-subnet-page) [Taostats Staking app](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/taostats-staking-app) [Stake Troubleshooting](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/stake-troubleshooting) [Switch Validators](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/taostats-transfer-app) To stake/unstake via the command line: [CLI: Stake](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/command-line-tool) --- # Subnets Subnets: Subnets on Taostats, Subnet pages, Subnet statistics, Subnet trading view chart, Metagraph, Registration, Registration cost, Top subnets by emission… _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ - [Subnets on Taostats](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/subnets) - [Subnet pages](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/subnet-pages) - [Subnet statistics](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/subnet-statistics) - [Subnet trading view chart](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/subnet-trading-view-chart) - [Metagraph](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/metagraph) - [Registration](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/registration) - [Registration cost](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/registration-cost) - [Top subnets by emission](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/top-subnets-by-emission) - [Staking (Taostats subnet page)](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/staking-taostats-subnet-page) - [Limit orders](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/limit-orders-taostats-subnet-page) - [Sentiment](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/sentiment) --- # Subnets A tour of the Taostats Subnets page: the value, stake split and volume infoboxes, the ranking table columns, and the price, emission, registration cost and deregistration views. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/subnets_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ The [Subnets page](https://taostats.io/subnets) is the entryway into the world of subnets. At the top of the page are three infoboxes with an overview: ## Infoboxes ### Subnets Value This shows the sum of subnet prices (in tao). Root always has a price of 1. In the chart below, the sum of subnet prices is 1.60. ![Taostats subnets value widget showing total value in TAO with a root/alpha proportional split bar](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnets-value-split-bar.png) ### Stake Split The division of stake between root and subnets. ![Taostats total stake split widget showing total stake in TAO with a root/alpha proportional split bar](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnets-stake-split-bar.png) ### Total Volume Total buys and sells on root vs. total buys and sells on other subnets. ![Taostats total volume widget showing 24-hour volume in TAO with a root/alpha proportional split bar and paired values](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnets-total-volume-split-bar.png) The initial sort is by Market Cap. Subnet data can be shown in tao values (where all alpha token is converted into tao) or in USD. ![Taostats subnets ranking table with rank, subnet, emission, price, 1H/24H/1W change, market cap, volume, liquidity, and 7-day sparkline columns above a TAO/USD toggle](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnets-ranking-table.png) * *Name*\*: The name and netuid of the subnet. * **Emission**: The subnet's share of per-block TAO emission. As of 2026-06-30, determined by `subnet-price EMA × (1 − miner_burned)`, renormalized (subtensor PR [#2800](https://github.com/opentensor/subtensor/pull/2800) removed the earlier `root_proportion` weighting). See [Price-based subnet emission shares](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/protocol-changes/price-based-emission-shares). * **Price**: The [Alpha Price](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/tokenomics/alpha-tokens#alpha-price) of the subnet. * **1H**: Price trend over the previous hour. * **24H**: Price trend over the previous day. * **1W**: Price trend over the previous week. * **1M**: Price trend over the previous month. * **Market Cap**: The Circulating supply of alpha token (this can be displayed in tao or in USD.) * **Volume**: Amount traded in the last 24 hours (in tao or USD.) * **Liquidity**: Total value of tokens in the [Subnet Pool](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/subnets/subnet-pools). * **V3**: Are V3 liquidity options available? * **Liq Price**: The liquidation price for the subnet — the effective per-alpha TAO holders would receive if the subnet's pool were drained today. Compare to the current price: if liq price is *above* current, holders would be paid a premium versus market; if *below*, they would take a loss. (Replaces the old ADR metric.) * **Root Prop**: Percentage of validator emissions to root. * **Root Sell**: Deprecated. ## Subnets Total Price A chart showing the sum of subnet prices over time. ![Taostats subnets total price combo chart overlaying a price area line with volume bars against price and volume axes over time](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnets-total-price-chart.png) ## Subnet Top Emissions ![Taostats subnet top emissions multi-line time-series chart of top subnets' emission share with color-coded legend cards and a percentage axis](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnets-top-emissions-chart.png) ## Subnet Registration Cost Cost in tao to register a new Subnet. 1 tao from registration cost is added to the Subnet pool. The remainder is recycled. ![Taostats subnet registration cost area chart plotting the TAO cost to register a new subnet over time with a current-cost stat](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnets-registration-cost-chart.png) ## Subnet Deregistration List When a new subnet is registered, the subnet with the lowest EMA price is deregistered. ![Taostats subnets deregistration list table with subnet, pruning rank, EMA, remaining immunity, and immune-status columns plus an immune-hide filter](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnets-deregistration-list-table.png) --- # Subnet pages Selecting a subnet from the Subnet dropdown will load detailed information about the subnet. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/subnet-pages_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ Selecting a subnet from the Subnet dropdown will load detailed information about the subnet. In the upper left, find a description and links to external sites for the subnet. (A Github link is shown in the screenshot.) ![Taostats subnet detail page with a left identity panel, description, external links, price panel, and financial stats beside a right tabbed candlestick chart](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-page-overview.png) * [Price](#price) * [Financial Data](#financial-data) * [Staking Data](#staking-data) * [Staking: Taostats Subnet page](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/staking-taostats-subnet-page) * [Subnet Data](#subnet-data) * [Subnet Trading View Chart](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/subnet-trading-view-chart) * [Metagraph](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/metagraph) * [Subnet parameters](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/subnets/subnet-parameters) * [Subnet Registration Charts](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/registration) * [Distribution](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/miners/distribution) * [Miner Weights](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/miners/miner-weights) * Emission * [Sentiment](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/sentiment) ## Price The price of the alpha token in both tao and USD. [Alpha Tokens](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/tokenomics/alpha-tokens) describes the math to find the price. ![Taostats subnet price panel showing the alpha token price in TAO and USD with a percent-change badge and sparkline](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-price-panel.png) ## Financial Data ![Taostats subnet financial data panel, a grid of stat cards for market cap, volume, FDV, supply, and pool figures with a pool ratio bar](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-financial-data-panel.png) * **Market Cap**: The value of the subnet alpha in USD. * **Volume**: tao/alpha traded in the last 24 hours (in USD). * **FDV**: Fully Diluted Value: Price \* Max Supply (which is 21M tokens) * **Vol/Market Cap/24hr**: Percentage of market cap traded in the last day. * **Max Supply**: Max number of tokens. * **Circulating Supply**: Total amount of alpha in circulation. * **Alpha in Pool** : The amount of alpha in the Subnet liquidity pool. * **Tao in Pool** : The amount of tao in the Subnet liquidity pool. ## Staking Data A summary of all staking/unstaking events in the previous 24 hours. ![Taostats subnet trading data panel with paired buy/sell metrics for orders, volume, and participants, each shown with a green/red ratio bar](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-trading-data-panel.png) ## Sentiment An algorithm to sense buy/sell sentiment of investors on the subnet. [Sentiment](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/sentiment) ## Subnet Data ![Taostats subnet data panel, a grid of stat cards for emissions, per-day emission splits, registration cost, recycled, and UID counts](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-data-stats-panel.png) * **Emission**: The % of tao emitted into the Subnet pool. If 1 tao is emitted per block, emission/100 is the amount of tao emitted into the pool. * **Root Proportion**: The percentage of stakeholder returns that are split to root stakeholders vs. alpha stakeholders. * **Emission/Day**: Tao injected by the chain into the SN pool per day. * **Owner/day**: 18% of the tao injected. * **Miner/day** 41% of the tao injected. * **Validator/day** 41% of the tao injected. * **Registration cost** Cost to register a neuron. * **Recycled/day**: tao recycled for neuron registration. This is the sum of the fees paid for miner and validator registrations. --- # Subnet Price and Volume The subnet's share of per-block TAO emission. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/subnet-statistics_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ ![Taostats subnet price and volume chart combining a price area line with volume bars, a TAO/USD toggle, and a time-range selector](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-price-volume-chart.png) ## Subnet Emission The subnet's share of per-block TAO emission. As of 2026-06-30, determined by `subnet-price EMA × (1 − miner_burned)`, renormalized across subnets (subtensor PR [#2800](https://github.com/opentensor/subtensor/pull/2800) removed the earlier `root_proportion` weighting). See [Price-based subnet emission shares](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/protocol-changes/price-based-emission-shares). ![Taostats subnet emission area chart plotting the subnet's emission share percentage over time with a time-range selector](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-emission-chart.png) ## Subnet Root Proportion ![Taostats subnet root proportion dual-line time-series chart plotting root versus alpha percentage split over time](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-root-proportion-chart.png) --- # Subnet TradingView chart How to use the TradingView chart _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/subnet-trading-view-chart_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ How to use the TradingView chart ![Taostats subnet TradingView candlestick chart with top toolbar, left drawing-tool sidebar, volume histogram, and price and date axes](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-tradingview-chart.png) Each subnet has a TradingView chart showing the price of alpha over time. These charts are easily configurable, with many different options, and the same tools and timeframes you'd use to read a [BTCUSD chart](https://www.tradingview.com/symbols/BTCUSD/), applied to subnet alpha. The default time for each point is 1 hour: ![Taostats subnet TradingView interval selector dropdown grouping minute, hour, and day timeframes with the active interval highlighted](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-tradingview-interval-selector.png) The display can be updated ![Taostats subnet TradingView chart-type dropdown listing bar, candle, line, area, and column display styles with the active type highlighted](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-tradingview-chart-type-menu.png) Your settings will be saved, and repeated across all subnets. --- # Metagraph The Subnet metagraph is a chart that displays a detailed readout of the neurons (validators & miners) on a subnet. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/metagraph_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ The Subnet metagraph is a chart that displays a detailed readout of the neurons (validators & miners) on a subnet. ![Taostats subnet metagraph table of neurons with POS, UID, name, stake weight, trust, consensus, incentive, dividends, emission, hotkey, coldkey, and root stake columns](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-metagraph-neurons-table.png) ## Metagraph key * **POS**: Position in the chart (not a ranking) * **Shield/pickaxe**: * The shield icon is shown for all validators. * A pickaxe is shown for miners. Orange miners are in immunity. (Note: new validators might *initially* have a pickaxe until weights are set.) * **UID**: Unique ID: A number 0-\{node count -1} that specifies the node the miner/validator is connecting on. Every miner or validator has a UID assigned to their registration. * **Name**: The Hotkey name (if registered on the chain). Otherwise, the hotkey will be shown. * **[Stake Weight](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/staking/stake-weight)**: Stake weight is a measurement of the alpha staked on the subnet. Root stake is weighted at 18% of the tao staked. * Orange color: This validator has no parent hotkeys (see [Parent/Child Hotkeys](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/how-emission-works/emission-parent-hotkeys)) * Yellow Color: Validators that are [child hotkeys](#child-hotkeys). * Child hotkeys have a carat that expands the metagraph to show all of the parent hotkeys and their contribution. * **VTrust**: *Validator* Measurement of [Validator](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/validators/validator) trust. High Vtrust implies consensus on the weights being set by the validator. * **Consensus**: *Miners*: A measurement of the consensus between the validators on the accuracy of the mining results. Adds to 1 for each subnet. * **Incentive**: *Miners*: Represents the distribution of miner emissions. The emissions column adds to 1 for all miners in the subnet. * **Dividends** *Validators*: Breakdown of emissions per validator. Calculated from the amount of TAO staked and the Vtrust. Adds to 1 for all validators in a subnet. * **Emission**(P): Alpha granted each epoch (1 epoch is 360 blocks/72 minutes). (Note: The metagraph from Bittensor outputs emission in 1 billionth of an alpha per block. Same data, different units.). * **Updated** * *Validator*: The number of blocks since weights were last set. This should be less than 500 for optimum performance, and anything over 1500 triggers an alert. * *Miners* This value has no meaning for miners. * **Axon**: IP address. * **Hotkey**: Hotkey of the neuron. * **Coldkey**: Coldkey of the neuron. * **Root Stake**: Amount of tao staked on root for the neuron (This is a sum of all parent/child hotkeys.) * **Root Weight**: Tao on root \* 18% (This is a sum of all parent/child hotkeys.) * **Alpha Stake** amount of alpha staked. (This is a sum of all parent/child hotkeys.) * **Daily Alpha**: Daily rewards estimate in alpha. (There are 20 epochs a day. This column is emission \*20.) ### Child hotkeys If a validator on the subnet is a child hotkey for other validators to parent on, *stake weight* will be yellow and have a carat. On clicking the carat, the stake weight will be broken down by the child and all of the parent hotkeys: ![Taostats metagraph expanded row breaking stake weight into child and parent hotkey groups with root/alpha proportion, take, and proportion columns](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-metagraph-child-hotkeys.png) On Subnet 75, the validator is Hippius. It has 7,748 alpha staked. It has two parents: * Taostats: 30% of taostats stake is on this validator - this equates to 241k on root, and 56k alpha. The [Stake Weight](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/staking/stake-weight) is calculated to 99k alpha * tao.bot has 1% of its stake on this validator - 4k on root, and 43 alpha - for a total stake weight of 825. The total stake weight is the sum of all three validators. In the taostats API, this is called the "family stake" (the sum of the parents and children.) ## Reading the metagraph There is a ton of information here. Here are a few tricks to read the metagraph: ### Validator view #### Columns of interest: * **Stake** - The amount of tao delegated to the validator. * **VTrust**: Vtrust describes how *in consensus* the validator's weights are. * **Dividends/Incentive**: A percentage of validator & miner emissions that will be awarded to the neuron. * **Emission/Daily rewards**: Tao emissions per epoch (and extrapolated to per day) * **Updated**: The number of blocks since last setting weights to ensure your validator is functioning correctly. A validator that is not setting weights will drop in vtrust and emissions. Sort by stake (or rank) descending to display validators at the top of the table. ![Subnet 18: 01/29/2024](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/38e8082-image.png) . Some basic analysis points to help you better understand the data: * **Mining and validating**: A single UID can run a miner and a validator. (Note: This pretty rare in modern Bittensor) * Position 7 (UID 224) is mining in addition to validation (there are nonzero Trust/Consensus/Incentive values.) * **Vtrust vs. Stake**. Validator emissions are defined by the amount staked and the Vtrust determined by the Yuma Consensus. Generally, higher numbers of stake & vtrust correlate directly to higher emission * **Vtrust effect**Positions 8&9 have nearly identical stake values. Position 9 has a higher Vtrust (0.94 > 0.92). This leads to higher emissions (0.53 > 0.47.) * Vtrust is affected by how often weights are set (Updated lists the tao emitted since the last update.). Pe Position 8 has not updated weights on this network for 2657 (vs 298 for position 9), lowering their Vtrust score. * **High stake/low Vtrust**: Position 3 has \~ 40k more tao staked than position 4. Yet, it has lower Vtrust (0.91 vs 0.97). As a result, position 4 has *slightly* higher dividends and receives more emissions - despite the lower tao stake. ### Miner View Sort the metagraph by incentive. Your goal is to gain as much incentive as possible, as this directly correlates to emission. (You can sort by emission, but this will also add validators into the mix.) * Set the number of entries to 100. We now see the bottom 100 nodes for emission (note, validators are here too - as they have 0 emission). Subtract away the validators, and the miners in immunity (gear icon), and the remaining miners are at risk of de-registration, as they have the lowest emission values. --- # Registration Taostats subnet registration charts can be found on each Subnet page under the Registration tab. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/registration_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ Taostats subnet registration charts can be found on each Subnet page under the **Registration** tab. There are three sections to this page: ## Registration Data A historical chart of the cost in tao to register a node on the subnet. To the right of the chart is the current registration cost: In the screenshot, the current registration cost is 0.06 tao. Registration rates vary by the competitiveness of the subnet. ![Taostats subnet registration data view combining a current-cost stat pill with a time-series area chart of registration cost in TAO and a range selector](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-registration-cost-chart.png) ## Immune Miners A daily tally of how many miners were immune at midnight GMT. ![Taostats subnet immune miner bar chart plotting daily immune count over time with a range selector](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-immune-miners-chart.png) ## Registration Table This table lists the hotkeys and coldkeys of every neuron registration in the subnet. A key value for miners is how many registration occurred in the last 24 hours - this is an indicator of the cutoff for the *next* 24 hours. ![Taostats subnet registration table with UID, hotkey, coldkey, time, and block columns plus filter, CSV export, and rows selector](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-registration-table.png) --- # Subnet registration cost The Subnet Registration cost (with a historical timeline) can be found on the Subnet Home _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/registration-cost_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ The Subnet Registration cost (with a historical timeline) can be found on the [Subnet Home](https://taostats.io/subnets) ![Time-series area chart of subnet registration cost in tao over roughly a year, with a volatile line and a right-side cost axis](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-registration-cost-chart-concepts.png) --- # Top subnets by emission The Subnet Home page has a chart showing the emission of the top subnets over time. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/top-subnets-by-emission_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ The [Subnet Home](https://taostats.io/subnets) page has a chart showing the emission of the top subnets over time. Clicking on a Subnet will add/remove the line from the chart. ![Multi-line time-series chart of each subnet's emission-share percentage over time, with a toggleable colored legend of subnets](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-top-subnets-by-emission-chart.png) --- # Staking (Taostats subnet page) You can now stake right on the Subnet page _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/staking-taostats-subnet-page_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ You can now stake right on the Subnet page On each subnet page, there is the ability [to connect your wallet](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/wallets-accounts/connecting-your-wallet) and stake to the subnet. ![Taostats subnet staking panel with mirrored buy and sell cards showing token amount inputs, slippage, Max buttons, balances, and action buttons](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-buy-sell-panel.png) In the screenshot above: * there is 3.66 tao that can be used to buy alpha. * There is 0.149 alpha that can be sold for tao ### Max clicking the Max button will use all of your available tao/alpha to buy/sell. The slippage number will update with the estimated slippage for the transaction. ![Taostats buy panel showing token amount inputs, a slippage indicator, a Max button, and available balance for staking](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-buy-panel-max-slippage.png) ### Buy/Sell On clicking the buy or sell button, a popup will appear: ![Taostats buy confirmation popup summarizing the token amount, cost in TAO, routing providers, and slippage with a confirm button](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-buy-confirmation-popup.png) Clicking confirm will open a dialog from your wallet application confirming the sale: ### Settings Adjust your validator of choice, and the amount of slippage that is acceptable ![Taostats staking settings modal with a validator selection dropdown and a max slippage input field plus a done button](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-staking-settings-modal.png) ### Fees There are staking and unstaking fees on Bittensor. * Root subnet: no staking or unstaking fees * Fee is a percentage (that can be adjusted by the subnet owner. * Fee is taken as tao when staking * Fee is taken as alpha when unstaking If you utilize multiple staking actions using taostats, they will be sent to the chain in a `batch`. Batch calls on chain have a small fee. Taostats does not collect this fee, it is paid to the chain. ## [Stake troubleshooting](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/stake-troubleshooting) --- # Limit orders Place limit orders to buy/sell alpha _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/limit-orders-taostats-subnet-page_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ Place limit orders to buy/sell alpha On the subnet landing page, below the trading view chart is the staking interface: ![Taostats subnet page trading view candlestick chart above a staking panel with connected-wallet controls and stacked buy and sell cards](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-chart-staking-panel.png) ## Limit Order Setup To access the Limit Order interface, select the `Limit` option in the upper right corner of the Staking menu. You must provide Taostats with access to buy and sell subnet tokens on your behalf. Since your limit order may hit its threshold at 3 AM while you are asleep. ![Taostats limit order setup panel prompting the user to grant proxy access to trade subnet tokens, with a reassurance notice and a grant-access button](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-limit-order-grant-access-setup.png) ### Granting access Note that granting access has a fee that is locked on chain while taostats has proxy access: ![Taostats grant access confirmation dialog explaining the proxy approval, wallet fund safety, and how to revoke, with a note about the refundable on-chain locked fee](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-grant-access-confirmation-dialog.png) ## Limit Orders The limit Order UI is very similar to the buy/sell menu. Choose: ![Taostats limit order interface with mirrored buy and sell panels offering validator, price, alpha/tao amount, and MEV tolerance fields plus fee and slippage estimates](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-limit-order-buy-sell-panels.png) * Validator * Buy or sell price * Amount of tao/alpha to buy/sell * MEV Tolerance: [Slippage](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/staking/slippage) Add in your values ### Fee ![Taostats limit order form showing price, paired alpha and tao amount fields, MEV tolerance, and estimated alpha, fee, and slippage with an insufficient-funds warning](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-limit-order-fee-estimate.png) Once you insert your limit order, you will see an estimated fee. This is a fee to pay taostats to handle chain fees and running the proxy. Add your balance for all limit order fees. This will be paid to taostats to handle all your future limit orders. ![Taostats top up balance dialog for limit order fees showing token and USD balance, preset and custom amount buttons, and a top-up action button](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-limit-order-fee-topup-dialog.png) Taostats tracks the fees you have paid and how much fee balance you have left. ![Taostats fee balance indicator showing the remaining limit order fee balance in USD and TAO side by side](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-limit-order-fee-balance-indicator.png) Once you set the order, your order will appear in the tables below: * Order Book * Pending Orders * My Completed Orders * My Failed Orders. There is a button to `Remove Taostats Access` to cancel and stop all Limit orders. Taostats will no longer have proxy access. --- # Sentiment The Subnet Sentiment Index is a composite score (0–100) that measures market sentiment for each subnet on the Bittensor network. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/sentiment_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ The Subnet Sentiment Index is a composite score (0–100) that measures market sentiment for each subnet on the Bittensor network. It replaces the previous Fear & Greed Index with a more nuanced, multi-factor approach. ## How It Works The SSI combines seven components, each capturing a different dimension of market sentiment. All components are scored 0–100 using sigmoid smoothing, then combined with fixed weights: $$ \begin{aligned} SSI = \ &0.25 \times \text{Buy/Sell Pressure} \\ + &0.20 \times \text{Price Momentum} \\ + &0.15 \times \text{Volume Trend} \\ + &0.15 \times \text{Tao Flow} \\ + &0.10 \times \text{Emissions Yield} \\ + &0.10 \times \text{Rank Momentum} \\ + &0.05 \times \text{Participation Breadth} \end{aligned} $$ ## Components ### 1. Buy/Sell Pressure — 25% Measures directional conviction by combining two ratios: * **Volume ratio** (60% weight): Buy volume ÷ total volume over the last 24 hours. A ratio above 0.5 means more TAO is flowing into buy-side trades. * **Participant ratio** (40% weight): Unique buyers ÷ total unique participants over 24 hours. This prevents a single large trade from skewing the score — broad-based buying is a stronger signal than one whale. The blended ratio is mapped through a sigmoid function centered at 0.5. **Interpretation:** * High score → majority of volume and participants are buying * Low score → selling dominates * Near 50 → balanced market ### 2. Price Momentum — 20% A weighted blend of price changes across four timeframes: | Timeframe | Weight | | --------- | ------ | | 1 hour | 10% | | 1 day | 30% | | 1 week | 40% | | 1 month | 20% | The weekly timeframe carries the most weight to capture meaningful trends while filtering out hourly noise. A +5% daily move means something different in the context of a -20% weekly decline versus a +30% weekly rally. The blended momentum value is passed through a sigmoid function centered at 0 with a scale of 0.08. ### 3. Volume Trend — 15% Compares current 24-hour volume against the 7-day average, then adjusts for price direction: | Volume | Price | Interpretation | | ------------- | ------- | ---------------------------------- | | Above average | Rising | Conviction buying — greed signal | | Above average | Falling | Capitulation — fear signal | | Below average | Rising | Quiet accumulation — mild positive | | Below average | Falling | Apathy/drift — mild fear | This matters because rising volume isn't inherently bullish or bearish — it's a measure of conviction. The price direction reveals *which* conviction. ### 4. Tao Flow — 15% Tracks capital movement through two lenses: * **Staked ratio** (60% weight): Alpha tokens staked vs. tokens in the pool. A higher staked ratio means holders are locking tokens up rather than keeping them liquid to sell — a conviction signal. * **Liquidity trend** (40% weight): Change in pool liquidity over 7 days. Growing liquidity indicates capital inflow; shrinking liquidity signals outflow. This is often considered the "smart money" signal. Price can be moved short-term by a single large trade, but capital flow patterns across a week are harder to fake. ### 5. Emissions Yield — 10% Evaluates validator yield attractiveness, adjusted for market context: * Base score from the stake-weighted average APY of the top 10 validators * **Price trend modifier**: High yield with a rising price = genuine demand (full score). High yield with a falling price = potential "farm and dump" pattern (discounted score). * Epoch participation health as a secondary factor This component catches a common pattern: subnets where validators earn strong rewards but immediately sell, creating downward price pressure despite seemingly attractive yields. ### 6. Rank Momentum — 10% Captures a subnet's position relative to the broader ecosystem: * **Rank change** (40% weight): Movement in subnet ranking over 7 days. A ±3 rank shift is considered significant. * **Market cap change** (60% weight): Daily market capitalisation change as a percentage. A subnet improving its rank means it's gaining market share relative to all other subnets — not just going up in isolation. ### 7. Participation Breadth — 5% A quality modifier that measures how distributed trading activity is: * **Diversity**: Trades per unique participant — lower is better (more individual decision-makers rather than a few accounts trading repeatedly) * **Market thickness**: Total unique participants, where higher counts indicate healthier markets Thin markets with few participants have their score pulled toward neutral/fear, reflecting the inherent uncertainty of low-activity subnets. ## Sigmoid Smoothing Every component uses a sigmoid function rather than linear scaling: $$ score = \dfrac{100}{1 + e^{-(value - center)/scale}} $$ This provides: * **Smooth, bounded output** — no hard clipping at 0 or 100 * **Diminishing sensitivity at extremes** — a single outlier metric can't dominate the overall score * **Symmetry around neutral** — equal sensitivity to fear and greed signals ## Data Sources Each subnet's SSI is calculated from three data points: | Data | Source | Used For | | ----------------------- | ------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- | | Current subnet snapshot | Subnet Pool API | Price, volume, buy/sell stats, rank, liquidity, staking ratios | | 7-day historical data | Pool History API | Volume averages, liquidity trends, rank changes | | Validator performance | Validator Yield API | APY calculations, epoch participation | ## Interpreting SSI The SSI is designed to differentiate between subnets. A subnet in "Greed" territory (61–80) has genuinely strong multi-factor momentum — it's not just one metric pulling it up. Some patterns to look for: * **High SSI + high volume**: Strong consensus bullish sentiment * **High SSI + low volume**: Quiet accumulation, potentially fragile * **Low SSI + high volume**: Active selling/capitulation — could signal a bottom or continued decline * **SSI divergence from price**: If SSI is declining while price holds, underlying fundamentals may be weakening The SSI updates with each data refresh and is available on every subnet page on Taostats. --- # Validators Validators: Validators (overview), Validator performance per subnet _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/validators_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ - [Validators (overview)](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/validators/validators) - [Validator performance per subnet](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/validators/validator-performance-per-subnet) --- # Validators What each column in the Taostats Validators table means, from dominance and nominators to total weight, root and alpha stake, and take. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/validators/validators_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ The **[Validators](https://taostats.io/validators)** page lists statistics on the validators. ![Taostats validators page table with rank, name, dominance, nominators, 24h change, active, total weight, stake, root/alpha split, and take columns plus search and export controls](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-validators-list-table.png) ## Table The validator table lists every validator, and some stats on the TAO staked to each validator: * **Name**: The name of the Validator * **Dominance**: Describing [Stake Weight](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/staking/stake-weight) as a percentage of all validator stake weights. Adds to 1. * **Noms** The number of nominators - both alpha and root. Note: One wallet staking alpha on 30 subnets counts as 30 nominators. * **24hr**: This is the change in nominators in the last 24 hours. * **Active**: The number of subnets where the validator has a parent or child validator running. * **Total Weight**: A weighted tao value. Tao staked on root is counted at 18%. All alpha is converted into tao. * **Weight Change**: 24h change in Total Weight. * **Root Stake**: The amount of tao staked on root. * **Alpha Stake** The amount of alpha staked across all subnets, converted into tao. * **Take**: The percentage kept by the validator. The remainder is distributed to stakeholders. --- # Validator performance per subnet Each validator has a page with details on validation. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/validators/validator-performance-per-subnet_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ Each validator has a page with details on validation. In dTao, stakeholders must choose both a subnet to stake into, but which validator instide that subnet to stake on. Each validator in a subnet is graded. If their weights are in [Yuma Consensus](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/chain-runtime/consensus) with other validators, they will earn a high VTrust score, and a higher percentage of the emissions (Dividends). ## Basic data ![Validator dashboard cards showing total stake weight with a root/alpha split bar, nominator and validator return, total nominators, dominance, and identity sidebar](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-validator-basic-data-panel.png) At the top of every validator page, some basic data is delivered: * **Tao Stake Weight**: This is a weighted total of stake tao\_staked\*root\_weight + alpha\_staked * In the screenshot above 773k tao on root is 139k weighted. 39k alpha * This gives a 78/22 % breakdown to tao to alpha * **Nominator Return**: Total earnings per day, across all subnets in tao. * **Validator Return** Actual earnings by the validator, based on the take % indicated. * **Total Nominators**: Number of stakeholders on this validator * **Dominance** : % of all stake controlled by this validator. ![Validator detail tab bar with Performance, Staked, Rewards, and Legacy Weights tabs (Performance active)](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-validator-detail-tab-bar.png) ## Performance The performance tab gives the validator feedback on how well the validator is performing in a subnet. A row highlighted in red is not performaning well, and should be investigated: ![Validator performance table with rank, key, name/address, percentage metrics, tao stake, a root/alpha split bar, and a count column, one row highlighted red as underperforming](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-validator-performance-table.png) ### Performance Columns: * **Netuid**: The subnet * **Type:**. * Key: Parent hotkey * Server: running infra * **CK Take**: The child hotkey take of the child hotkey * **Proportion**: Percentage of stake that is assigned to this key. > [!NOTE] > ![Dark-themed table with Netuid, Type, Hotkey, CK Take, Proportion, and Subnet Weight columns plus a root/alpha proportion bar defining performance metrics](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-performance-columns-table.png) > > In Subnet 1, this validator has 90% of their stake on opentensor foundation, and 10% at 5Cg5Q... * **Subnet Weight**: How much weighted alpha this validator holds. > [!NOTE] > **Weighted alpha** > > Staked tao is weighted at 18%, If a Validator has 555,555 tao and 100,000 alpha: > > $$ > \begin{aligned} > \text{Subnet Weight} &= 0.18 \times 555{,}555 + 100{,}000 \\ > &= 100{,}000 + 100{,}000 \\ > &= 200{,}000 > \end{aligned} > $$ > > The Subnet weight is 200,000 * **Subnet Balance**: A percentage of tao vs alpha for the validator. * **Noms**: Number of nominators on the Subnet * **Family Weight**: This is the weighted alpha for all parents/children on the active hotkey * **Family Balance**: The ratio of tao:alpha held by all parents and children on the active hotkey * **Dominance**: Th fraction of emissions controlled by this validator family. * **Divs**: the Dividends received by the family. With high VTrust, Dominanace and Divs should be similar. * **UID** Neuron ID of the Validator in the Metagraph. * **Pos**: * **VTrust**: VTRUST of the child validator * **Updated**: Number of blocks since weights were last set ## Staked A chart showing tao staked over time & the number of nominators ![Dual-axis time-series chart plotting number of nominators on the left axis and total tao staked on the right axis over time](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-validator-nominator-stake-history-chart.png) ### Nominator search a table with the top stakeholders. Sort by Subnet or by account. ![Nominator search table with Account (avatar plus address), Subnet ID, Alpha, and TAO columns, plus subnet filter, search, row-count, and CSV controls](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-nominator-search-table.png) ## Rewards nom/1k/day - root ![Dual-axis time-series chart plotting nominators per thousand tao (7-day moving average) against validator take percentage over time](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-validator-rewards-take-chart.png) --- # Miners Miners: Taostats for miners, Miner weights, Miner distribution charts _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/miners_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ - [Taostats for miners](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/miners/taostats-for-miners) - [Miner weights](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/miners/miner-weights) - [Miner distribution charts](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/miners/distribution) --- # Taostats for miners If you are thinking about mining on Bittensor - or you want to improve your mining nodes, Taostats has a wealth of information to help you get started. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/miners/taostats-for-miners_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ If you are thinking about mining on Bittensor - or you want to improve your mining nodes, Taostats has a wealth of information to help you get started. ## Getting started: the data When looking at your miner's activity in taostats - there are probably a few different ways you want to interact: 1. [The metagraph](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/miners/taostats-for-miners#the-metagraph-for-miners) to see how your miner(s) are doing in relation to the other neurons. 2. [Coldkey view](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/miners/coldkey-view): A view of all your miners in one place. 3. [Hotkey view](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/miners/hotkey-page): A detailed view of a specific miner. ## The metagraph: for miners Each subnet publishes a Metagraph - a giant table of data about each node. See [Subnet Metagraph table](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/metagraph#miner-view) for details on how to best sort the metagraph, and how to read the data. The columns most relevant to miners are *trust*, *incentive* and *emission*. * Trust: Scored by validators on how "trustworthy" your results are. What this means varies from Subnet to Subnet. * Incentive: The percentage of miner emission that will be awarded to each miner. The sum of this column is 1. * Emission: This is the tao awarded each epoch. This is calculated from the incentive and the miner's share of emissions. Note that Emission is shown *per epoch*, or 360 blocks. * Daily tao: Emission \*20 (\~ 20 epochs per day). Note: This is an instantaneous calculation - not a predictor. * Daily$: is daily tao \* current price of tao. Note: This is an instantaneous calculation - not a predictor. ![Taostats subnet metagraph table with POS, UID, stake, trust, consensus, incentive, dividends, emission, axon, hotkey, coldkey, and daily reward columns](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-miners-metagraph-table.png) ## ColdKey View The [Coldkey view](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/miners/coldkey-view) in taostats will show details about a specific coldkey wallet, including details about any active hotkeys. `https://taostats.io/coldkey/<your coldkey>` to see your miner's data. ![Taostats coldkey view page with summary cards for neurons, hotkeys, rewards, and stake above a subnet-grouped metagraph table](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-miners-coldkey-view-page.png) ## Registering a node To mine, you need to know how competitive a subnet is, how much it costs to register a node on the subnet, and how the subnet distributes emissions to miners. Register a node using the [Command Line Tool](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/command-line-tool)" ``` btcli subnet register ``` ### Subnet emissions Each subnet is granted a percentage of the blockchain [emission](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/subnets/subnet-emissions). High-emission subnets are more profitable, but also more competitive. Miners receive 41% of the emission for the subnet. The emission for each subnet can be found in multiple places in taostats: * Subnet pages ![Taostats subnet header on an older layout showing identity metadata and a stat strip of emissions, recycled, registration cost, and key counts](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-header-stats-strip.jpg) * [https://x.taostats.io/subnets](https://x.taostats.io/subnets) ![Taostats subnet top emissions view on an older layout with color-coded subnet legend cards above a multi-line emission-share time-series chart](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-top-emissions-legacy.jpg) ![Taostats subnets list on an older layout, a sortable table with ID, name, registration date, owner, emission, recycled, and lifetime columns](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnets-list-legacy-table.jpg) * [taostats.io](taostats.io) homepage: ![Taostats root metagraph table on an older layout with rank, UID, hotkey, TAO staked, and per-subnet percentage columns](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-root-metagraph-legacy-table.jpg) ### Miner Incentive distribution Subnets with higher emissions tend to be more competitive for miners, meaning that the risk of being deregistered is high. The competitiveness of a subnet can be seen on subnet[individual subnets distribution graphs](https://taostats.io/subnets/netuid-19/#distribution). For example: ![Snapshot of Subnet 13](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/4805237b-Screenshot_2024-09-06_at_13.56.56.jpg) ![Snapshot of subnet 19](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/daa6b371-Screenshot_2024-09-06_at_13.47.59.jpg) In the first screenshot, there is a large distribution of emissions. In this subnet, a well-performing miner can keep above the threshold for de-registration. In the second screenshot, the range for Active keys is very narrow (0.00401 - 0.00441). Any minor disruption to your miner may cause you to fall to the bottom of the emissions chart and be deregistered. ### Node Registration cost You can view the current registration cost at [https://taostats.io/subnets/netuid-\/#registration](https://taostats.io/subnets/netuid-19/#registration). Competitive subnets generally cost more to register a node than non-competitive nodes. #### Deregistration ![Taostats subnet deregistration data dual-axis time-series chart plotting incentive and emission of recently deregistered miners over time, with summary stat pills](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-deregistration-data-chart.jpg) When a new miner is registered, the lowest miner out of immunity is deregistered. Any new miner should aim to be above the last deregistration incentive before they exit immunity. ### Immunity period Each new node is granted immunity for a defined number of blocks. When you have immunity, you cannot be de-registered. The [Node Registration](https://taostats.readme.io/docs/node-registration) page describes how to use the BTCLI to determine a subnet's immunity period. ### Emission Distribution Some subnets evenly distribute emissions to all miners based on the trust value calculated by [Yuma Consensus](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/chain-runtime/consensus), while others may limit emissions. For example, Subnet 6 currently only distributes emissions to the top x miners: ![Subnet 6 miner emissions - showing only top 6-10 miners receive any significant emission. (Feb. 5, 2024)](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/3dc6554-image.png) Learning to read the [Subnet Metagraph table](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/subnets/metagraph#miner-view) is a helpful step to better understand emission distribution. See [Subnet emission overview](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/how-emission-works/split-alpha-out) for a description of how tao is allocated to miners. ## De-registration The registration tab for each subnet lists the number of registrations in the last 24 hours. Assuming a full subnet - this is equal to the number of de-registrations. [https://taostats.io/subnets/netuid-\/#registration](https://taostats.io/subnets/netuid-13/#registration) ![Taostats subnet registrations table with UID and hotkey columns plus a 24-hour registration count stat and rows-per-page selector](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-subnet-registrations-table.png) The new miners will have immunity for a set period, so a large number of new registrations will push your miner closer to the bottom of the incentive list (by percentage). Each subnet has a different immunity period, which If you know your miner's emission value, it is possible to mouse over the incentive chart to see where you stand: ![Taostats miner incentive scatter chart across UIDs with a hover tooltip showing UID, incentive, rank, registration block, keys, and immunity status](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-miners-incentive-chart-tooltip.jpg) > [!NOTE] > **Sort the metagraph by incentive (increasing) show 100 entries at a time.** > > If your miner appears here, you are in the bottom 100 miners (note that all the validators also appear in this list) > > This view will also show miners with immunity, so depending on the competitiveness of the Subnet, miners on this view are very close to being de-registered. --- # Miner weights Each validator is a row, and the chart shows the weights for each UID. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/miners/miner-weights_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ ![Green-on-black heatmap of a validator-by-miner weight matrix, rows as validators and columns as miner UIDs with brightness encoding weight](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-miner-weight-heatmap.png) Each validator is a row, and the chart shows the weights for each UID. In this chart, the Yuma scores are much lower than other validators. --- # Miner distribution charts There are three miner distribution charts _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/miners/distribution_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ There are three miner distribution charts ## Miner Incentive Distribution This chart shows the incentive values for all miners on the subnet. The lowest active key shows where the cutoff is for active miners, and the next UID to be expelled on new registration. The shape of the chart is an indication of how competitive a subnet is (a narrow distribution indicates a competitive subnet where all miners are at risk of re-registration(. ![Taostats miner incentive distribution scatter plot of incentive against sorted miner UIDs with a lowest-active-key cutoff line and active/immune coloring](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-miners-incentive-distribution-chart.png) Also note that this table can be animated to see how the distribution changes over time. ## Miner Coldkey Distribution Each miner has a unique hotkey, but the hotkeys can be controlled by a single coldkey. This chart displays how many organizations are running multiple miners in the subnet. ![Taostats miner coldkey distribution as a segmented proportional bar where each slice sizes a coldkey's share of miner hotkeys, with squares/linear view toggle](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-miners-coldkey-distribution-chart.png) ## Miner IP Distribution Breakdown of Miners by IP addresses. ![Taostats miner IP distribution as a segmented proportional bar sized by miners per IP address, with squares/linear view toggle](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-miners-ip-distribution-chart.png) --- # Chain Chain: Blocks, Runtime, Sudo, Transfers _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/chain_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ - [Blocks](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/chain/blocks) - [Runtime](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/chain/runtime) - [Sudo](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/chain/sudo) - [Transfers](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/chain/transfers) --- # Blocks The section of taostats dedicated to stats of the blockchain. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/chain/blocks_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ The section of taostats dedicated to stats of the blockchain. A chart showing the 10 most recent blocks emitted from the Bittensor blockchain: ![Taostats chain explorer blocks table listing recent blocks with height, spec version, hash, events count, extrinsics count, and time columns](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-chain-blocks-table.png) Each block has a: * Spec number: the specification of Bittensor that generated the block * Events: All of the events emitted by extrinsics in the block. * Extrinsics: Transactions submitted to the chain. Each extrinsic can emit one or more events when it executes. * Time since emitted: The age of the block. Clicking on the block leads to details on the block: ## Block Details ![Taostats block details page showing label-value fields for timestamp, block time, block height, hash, parent hash, and spec version](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-chain-block-details.png) ## Extrinsics: An extrinsic is a transaction submitted to the chain; each extrinsic emits one or more events when it executes, and a block contains many extrinsics. In the table for each block, the Extrinsic Name, the signing account (coldkey) and the result (succeeded/failed) are displayed: ![Taostats block extrinsics table with ID, name, account, and result status columns, plus a rows-per-page selector](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-chain-block-extrinsics-table.png) ## Events: emitted by extrinsics An extrinsic emits one or more events when it executes. A block contains many extrinsics, and each extrinsic can emit multiple events. All of the events are displayed in the Event table. They are tied to Event names and the Extrinsic that is the parent of a group of events. > [!NOTE] > **The initial events in each block are System events (block initialization, etc.) and are not displayed.** > > They can still be viewed by opening another Event, and changing the URL value. ![Taostats block events table listing events emitted by extrinsics with ID, name badge, and originating extrinsic columns](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-chain-block-events-table.png) --- # Runtime A listing of Runtime changes on the blockchain _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/chain/runtime_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ A listing of Runtime changes on the blockchain Whenever the chain is updated, the runtime version is updated. This table shows a running list of the latest changes to the chain code. * **Height**: The block the change update was made * **Spec Version**: the new version of the chain that was implemented. * **Date**: when the update occurred (mousover for exact date). ![Taostats chain runtime page table of spec version upgrades with height, runtime version, and time columns](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-chain-runtime-table.png) --- # Sudo A table with the latest sudo commands _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/chain/sudo_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ A table with the latest sudo commands ![Taostats chain sudo page table of superuser calls with extrinsic ID, name, action, account, height, result, and time columns](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-chain-sudo-table.png) --- # Transfers The header link Blockchain -> Headers loads the blockchain page and displays the table Transfers. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/chain/transfers_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ The header link **Blockchain -> Headers** loads the blockchain page and displays the table **Transfers**. A table of all transfers of TAO between two wallets. Listed in reverse chronological order (newest first), each row displays: * **Extrinsic**: The extrinsic entry that contains the transfer. The extrinsic has the format \{block number}-\{extrinsic counter}. Click the link to view the Extrinsic on the block, * **From**: The coldkey transferring the tao * **To**: The coldkey receiving the tao * **Amount**: The amount of tao transferred * **Time** when the transfer occurred (relative to right now.) This chart can be filtered to view all transfers over 100 TAO, 500 TAO, etc. using the buttons at the top. ![Taostats chain transfers page, a filterable paginated table with extrinsic ID, from, to, amount, and time columns](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-chain-transfers-table.png) --- # Events Events: Events: list, Events: detail _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/events_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ - [Events: list](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/events/list-of-events) - [Events: detail](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/events/events-detail) --- # Events: list A live table of events called on the chain _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/events/list-of-events_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ A live table of events called on the chain ![Taostats events list page, a live table with event ID, name, pallet, phase, extrinsic ID, and time columns plus filter controls](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-events-list-table.png) * **Event ID**: Unique Identified for the event on chain * **Name**: Event Name * **Pallet**: Type of event called * **phase**: Phase of the event * **Extrinsic**: Extrinsic related to the event * **Time**: When the Events were called. --- # Events: detail Describing the detail page for an event _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/events/events-detail_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ Describing the detail page for an event ![Taostats event detail page showing module title, event ID, timestamps, a block card, and a parsed/raw parameters panel](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-events-detail-page.png) The event above is a stake move. 0.042 alpha was moved between validators on SN 13. Each event will have different values, depending on the action taken. --- # Extrinsics Extrinsics: Extrinsics: list, Extrinsics: list (all), Extrinsics: detail, Extrinsics: batch, Extrinsics: multisig, Extrinsics: proxy _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/extrinsics_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ - [Extrinsics: list](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/extrinsics/list-of-extrinsics) - [Extrinsics: list (all)](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/extrinsics/list-of-all-extrinsics) - [Extrinsics: detail](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/extrinsics/extrinsics-detail) - [Extrinsics: batch](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/extrinsics/batch-extrinsics) - [Extrinsics: multisig](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/extrinsics/multisig-extrinsics) - [Extrinsics: proxy](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/extrinsics/proxy-extrinsics) --- # Extrinsics: list Describes the Extrinsics table at Taostats _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/extrinsics/list-of-extrinsics_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ Describes the Extrinsics table at Taostats ![Taostats extrinsics list page, a live table with extrinsic ID, name, account, height, result, and time columns plus filter controls](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-extrinsics-list-table.png) The extrinsics table updates with live data on the latest extrinsics published to the chain. * **Extrinsic ID**: The extrinsic ID on chain (the format is: Block number - counter) * **Name**: The [Extrinsics](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/chain-runtime/extrinsics-and-events) that was called. * **Account**: The coldkey that called the extrinsic * **Height**: The block number * **Result**: Did it succeed or fail * **Time**: When the extrinsic occurred (mouse over for exact time) --- # Extrinsics: list (all) A list of the most commonly used extrinsics in Bittensor _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/extrinsics/list-of-all-extrinsics_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ A list of the most commonly used extrinsics in Bittensor Here is a list of all extrinsics that can be called on the Bittensor chain ## AdminUtils ### sudo\_set\_min\_burn Set the min cost for registering a neuron on a Subnet. ``` { "id": "5214782-0006-0-0-16", "extrinsic_id": "5214782-0006", "parent_id": "5214782-0006-0-0", "extrinsic_index": 6, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "AdminUtils", "name": "sudo_set_min_burn", "full_name": "AdminUtils.sudo_set_min_burn", "args": { "minBurn": "500000", "netuid": 81 }, "origin": { "__kind": "system", "value": { "__kind": "Root" } }, "origin_address": null, "timestamp": "2025-03-26T19:10:00Z", "block_number": 5214782 }, ``` ### sudo\_set\_network\_registration\_allowed Subnet owners can turn registration of neurons on and off ``` { "id": "5478134-0014", "extrinsic_id": "5478134-0014", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 14, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "AdminUtils", "name": "sudo_set_network_registration_allowed", "full_name": "AdminUtils.sudo_set_network_registration_allowed", "args": { "netuid": 93, "registrationAllowed": true }, "origin": { "__kind": "system", "value": { "__kind": "Signed", "value": "0x90e03b40cb46b910f5087b33a545186ae038c64c4f1eeeefad5529c1ca8aaf02" } }, "origin_address": "0x90e03b40cb46b910f5087b33a545186ae038c64c4f1eeeefad5529c1ca8aaf02", "timestamp": "2025-05-02T09:00:24Z", "block_number": 5478134 }, ``` ### sudo\_set\_weights\_version\_key ## Balance ### transfer ### transfer\_keep\_alive Transfer tao out of the wallet, but keep the wallet active if it is emptied. ``` { "id": "5430525-0016", "extrinsic_id": "5430525-0016", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 16, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "Balances", "name": "transfer_keep_alive", "full_name": "Balances.transfer_keep_alive", "args": { "dest": { "__kind": "Id", "value": "0x966823629376482d4e385481200b21c39ba8b03c3c9df1e6626aa360cc8d2d07" }, "value": "5000000000" }, "origin": { "__kind": "system", "value": { "__kind": "Signed", "value": "0x2c4e00e5e05300066520572235d3e2e726fa8981f0b5cc17b31a39aec9ae7018" } }, "origin_address": "0x2c4e00e5e05300066520572235d3e2e726fa8981f0b5cc17b31a39aec9ae7018", "timestamp": "2025-04-25T18:18:36Z", "block_number": 5430525 } ``` ### transfer\_all Transfer everything out of the wallet ``` { "id": "5430498-0015", "extrinsic_id": "5430498-0015", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 15, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "Balances", "name": "transfer_all", "full_name": "Balances.transfer_all", "args": { "dest": { "__kind": "Id", "value": "0x35ed58d459c3815ec3726b3e739bbe9c7955be7daa631a094006c614c6105055" }, "keepAlive": false }, "origin": { "__kind": "system", "value": { "__kind": "Signed", "value": "0xbe0c6455cdc7c07754108c65b96ead50b53b5c028599b92fb187e062a919d73e" } }, "origin_address": "0xbe0c6455cdc7c07754108c65b96ead50b53b5c028599b92fb187e062a919d73e", "timestamp": "2025-04-25T18:13:12.001Z", "block_number": 5430498 } ``` ### transfer\_allow\_death Transfer tao out of the wallet, and allow the wallet to be closed if emptied. ``` { "id": "5430529-0012", "extrinsic_id": "5430529-0012", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 12, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "Balances", "name": "transfer_allow_death", "full_name": "Balances.transfer_allow_death", "args": { "dest": { "__kind": "Id", "value": "0x56daf75bd0f09c11d798263bc79baeb77c4b4af1dbd372bbe532b1f8702b2a7e" }, "value": "1099809626" }, "origin": { "__kind": "system", "value": { "__kind": "Signed", "value": "0x9aa26bf27530baa40c74c1f9f6e54669d0881d1f0c279567bd84a6f95e3c6b70" } }, "origin_address": "0x9aa26bf27530baa40c74c1f9f6e54669d0881d1f0c279567bd84a6f95e3c6b70", "timestamp": "2025-04-25T18:19:24Z", "block_number": 5430529 } ``` ## Multisig See our page on [Multisig extrinsics](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/extrinsics/multisig-extrinsics) ## Proxy ### proxy A proxy can run one or more commands for other wallets. The below extrinsic adds stake for a wallet. ``` { "id": "5467505-0030", "extrinsic_id": "5467505-0030", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 30, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "Proxy", "name": "proxy", "full_name": "Proxy.proxy", "args": { "call": { "__kind": "SubtensorModule", "value": { "__kind": "add_stake_limit", "allowPartial": false, "amountStaked": "500000000", "hotkey": "0x2c36c8b88903c8507aa3a9a6dcfc016caf5cfd3d8bf755b97e63f8f8b7c56836", "limitPrice": "19687836523", "netuid": 98 } }, "real": { "__kind": "Id", "value": "0x0401ab945a33931436911328500ba51c95ede0bf6137bee326232d77b80a1560" } }, "origin": { "__kind": "system", "value": { "__kind": "Signed", "value": "0x8c476f597851cba678abe6fd332cc926e1f31ac5a0ded0d7aeaf72cf638cfc34" } }, "origin_address": "0x8c476f597851cba678abe6fd332cc926e1f31ac5a0ded0d7aeaf72cf638cfc34", "timestamp": "2025-04-30T21:34:36Z", "block_number": 5467505 }, ``` ## SubtensorModule ### add\_stake Add stake to a subnet/validator combination. 0.1 alpha staked to 5F4tQyWrhfGVcNhoqeiNsR6KjD4wMZ2kfhLj4oHYuyHbZAc3 on Subnet 1. ``` { "id": "5430500-0023", "extrinsic_id": "5430500-0023", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 23, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "SubtensorModule", "name": "add_stake", "full_name": "SubtensorModule.add_stake", "args": { "amountStaked": "100000000", "hotkey": "0x84d83d08ca89f8e60424ffa286f165c16dd8752e4faa4d8977221e6720678d28", "netuid": 1 }, "origin": { "__kind": "system", "value": { "__kind": "Signed", "value": "0x1814b2e94e436794c09d1f49e71df337a7b80a2d998d00ba55d8065282793958" } } ``` ### burned\_register When a neuron is registered on a subnet. Subnet 37 gained a new hotkey on block 5429414. The events will show the cost paid in tao, and the neuron registered, ``` { "id": "5429414-0018", "extrinsic_id": "5429414-0018", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 18, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "SubtensorModule", "name": "burned_register", "full_name": "SubtensorModule.burned_register", "args": { "hotkey": "0x26eee8341ec943bc9c54814eee28a2a50ab9650d0a8d7b2fb989f5414f5d184d", "netuid": 37 }, "origin": { "__kind": "system", "value": { "__kind": "Signed", "value": "0x6248c90b832a5c0eb19ed7efeb04ce21ac32f1c51efc7a84d92f8ac342e4af19" } }, "origin_address": "0x6248c90b832a5c0eb19ed7efeb04ce21ac32f1c51efc7a84d92f8ac342e4af19", "timestamp": "2025-04-25T14:36:24Z", "block_number": 5429414 } ``` ### faucet Its turned off. The chain on't just give you token.... ``` { "id": "5423845-0030", "extrinsic_id": "5423845-0030", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 30, "success": false, "error": { "extra_info": "Faucet is disabled.", "name": "FaucetDisabled", "pallet": "subtensorModule" },... ``` ### register\_network Register a Subnet ``` { "id": "5410917-0016", "extrinsic_id": "5410917-0016", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 16, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "SubtensorModule", "name": "register_network", "full_name": "SubtensorModule.register_network", "args": { "hotkey": "0x4029e02529a634f32d81d288748bd5ab985735c85a5b0ae6145fe26cf8c2114d" }, "origin": { "__kind": "system", "value": { "__kind": "Signed", "value": "0x2e6f72f9f63c222a689fc90bac5cf1676f0e77cf958232285d059f99cf4cf141" } }, "origin_address": "0x2e6f72f9f63c222a689fc90bac5cf1676f0e77cf958232285d059f99cf4cf141", "timestamp": "2025-04-23T00:57:00Z", "block_number": 5410917 } ``` ### register\_network\_with\_identity Registers a Subnet, and adds chain identity for the coldkey ``` { "id": "5299805-0017", "extrinsic_id": "5299805-0017", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 17, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "SubtensorModule", "name": "register_network_with_identity", "full_name": "SubtensorModule.register_network_with_identity", "args": { "hotkey": "0xe82185dda3905aade7965781cd903b78b2bf33bfb3f63ec6b1e879f8df8ef448", "identity": { "additional": "0x", "description": "0x4f7074696d697a696e67207374616b696e672073747261746567696573", "discord": "0x", "githubRepo": "0x68747470733a2f2f6769746875622e636f6d2f6d6f6269757366756e642f7374616b696e67", "subnetContact": "0x", "subnetName": "0x53cf84ceb16b696e67", "subnetUrl": "0x68747470733a2f2f7374616b696e67616c7068612e636f6d" } } ``` ### remove\_stake 3 alpha unstaked from SN 13. Note there is no limit preventing slippage or price changes ``` { "id": "5429704-0017", "extrinsic_id": "5429704-0017", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 17, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "SubtensorModule", "name": "remove_stake", "full_name": "SubtensorModule.remove_stake", "args": { "amountUnstaked": "3056641054", "hotkey": "0x4cf50a5ada0484c23d0403635d2283d656323abb72ed1e50072c0001c5784c37", "netuid": 13 } ``` ### remove\_stake\_limit The remove stake limit has a price limit to prevent slippage or excessive price changes. ``` { "id": "5429704-0019", "extrinsic_id": "5429704-0019", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 19, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "SubtensorModule", "name": "remove_stake_limit", "full_name": "SubtensorModule.remove_stake_limit", "args": { "allowPartial": true, "amountUnstaked": "16636745479", "hotkey": "0xf058923f56e7a50f63ed108509e652b6a5c628a9d840135ac5f17b7ac1ea4679", "limitPrice": "6009646", "netuid": 79 } ``` ### root register Register your validator on root ``` { "id": "5494193-0020", "extrinsic_id": "5494193-0020", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 20, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "SubtensorModule", "name": "root_register", "full_name": "SubtensorModule.root_register", "args": { "hotkey": "0xbae956aa0819c3552a5630394d37f62f9fe04ebc30b2fcc9d0427957c35d3a2a" }, "origin": { "__kind": "system", "value": { "__kind": "Signed", "value": "0x90a0bf8c9b8f1aff328a45e3c07b15798adfa8893b1df96e014ea32faa72c166" } }, "origin_address": "0x90a0bf8c9b8f1aff328a45e3c07b15798adfa8893b1df96e014ea32faa72c166", "timestamp": "2025-05-04T14:32:12Z", "block_number": 5494193 }, ``` ### schedule\_coldkey\_swap Deprecated. Last used in July 2024. ### serve\_axon Serve a Validaor or miner on the Subnet. This is serving 108.171.215.138 on SN 81 ``` "id": "5429446-0019", "extrinsic_id": "5429446-0019", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 19, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "SubtensorModule", "name": "serve_axon", "full_name": "SubtensorModule.serve_axon", "args": { "ip": "1823201162", "ipType": 4, "netuid": 81, "placeholder1": 0, "placeholder2": 0, "port": 8888, "protocol": 4, "version": 9001000 }, "origin": { "__kind": "system", "value": { "__kind": "Signed", "value": "0x6a4cbdf46b5bee69088dae065a183ae56198b33edbe77ef8b954b19ba38a395a" } }, "origin_address": "0x6a4cbdf46b5bee69088dae065a183ae56198b33edbe77ef8b954b19ba38a395a", "timestamp": "2025-04-25T14:42:48Z", "block_number": 5429446 ``` To convert the string IPv4 to an address: ```python import socket import struct def int_to_ip(ip_int): """Converts an integer to an IP address string.""" return socket.inet_ntoa(struct.pack('!I', ip_int)) # Example usage: ip_int_value = 1823201162 ip_address = int_to_ip(ip_int_value) print(f"The IP address for {ip_int_value} is: {ip_address}") ``` ### serve\_prometheus ``` { "id": "5174886-0013", "extrinsic_id": "5174886-0013", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 13, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "SubtensorModule", "name": "serve_prometheus", "full_name": "SubtensorModule.serve_prometheus", "args": { "ip": "600199924", "ipType": 4, "netuid": 27, "port": 8091, "version": 184 }, "origin": { "__kind": "system", "value": { "__kind": "Signed", "value": "0x58aef7b1efb44806fe14c6c58d0c1eb634a59fd2513f0ced6f2d10e0569af40d" } }, ``` ### set\_children This sets 0xae66d26fed539fc501b4340faaef65e20feb0dbf388658997c034babad06bf43 ( 5G1NjW9YhXLadMWajvTkfcJy6up3yH2q1YzMXDTi6ijanChe) as the parent for taobot (0x56a9aee6291bd03ab6d36d4d13e2bebae7cd403518066c72fba1b417d6ddd748) on Subnet 14. ``` { "id": "5430760-0008-1", "extrinsic_id": "5430760-0008", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 8, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "SubtensorModule", "name": "set_children", "full_name": "SubtensorModule.set_children", "args": { "children": [ [ "18446744073709551615", "0xae66d26fed539fc501b4340faaef65e20feb0dbf388658997c034babad06bf43" ] ], "hotkey": "0x56a9aee6291bd03ab6d36d4d13e2bebae7cd403518066c72fba1b417d6ddd748", "netuid": 14 }, "origin": { "__kind": "system", "value": { "__kind": "Signed", "value": "0xd4b3efa00c7f20e8e94f39d1bed97ce0cacceb122a09a9ca24dfda401710391b" } }, "origin_address": "0xd4b3efa00c7f20e8e94f39d1bed97ce0cacceb122a09a9ca24dfda401710391b", "timestamp": "2025-04-25T19:05:36Z", "block_number": 5430760 } ``` ### set\_root\_weights Deprecated. In dTao, root weights are no longer set. ### set\_weights: Used by validators to set weights on miners ``` { "timestamp": "2025-04-25T13:52:24Z", "block_number": 5429194, "hash": "0xf0944ef068c128ab08096db0c9edeb792319708a700f27286572f41c38575e50", "id": "5429194-0021", "index": 21, "version": 4, "signature": { "address": { "__kind": "Id", "value": "0xc065b0c58caa8513e462626b8ffa894eda31c213fc71fb6a7beae5bdfff39149" }, "signature": { "__kind": "Sr25519", "value": "0xe49070c45c2b3da768046a87baebed0dd068fbd0fe5b6b00979afd932fa017789dea585e71d8d7c9e7eb428f36ff68e7d7f847202467174bd7d826ba39365b8e" }, "signedExtensions": { "chargeTransactionPayment": "0", "checkMetadataHash": { "mode": { "__kind": "Disabled" } }, "checkMortality": { "__kind": "Mortal114", "value": 0 }, "checkNonce": 17328 } }, "signer_address": "0xc065b0c58caa8513e462626b8ffa894eda31c213fc71fb6a7beae5bdfff39149", "tip": "0", "fee": "0", "success": true, "error": null, "call_id": "5429194-0021", "full_name": "SubtensorModule.set_weights", "call_args": { "dests": [ ], "netuid": 33, "versionKey": "2125", "weights": [ ] } } ``` ## Utility ### [batch](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/extrinsics/batch-extrinsics) ### [batch\_all](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/extrinsics/batch-extrinsics) ### [force\_batch](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/extrinsics/batch-extrinsics) --- # Extrinsics: detail The extrinsics detail page describes what happened in the extrinsic. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/extrinsics/extrinsics-detail_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ The extrinsics detail page describes what happened in the extrinsic. ## Extrinsic Information The top section of each extrinsic page gives a general breakdown of the extrinsic (this is data that is present in each extrinsic) ![Taostats extrinsic detail page top section showing hash, status, block, timestamp, account, name, and fee fields](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-extrinsics-detail-info.png) * **Hash**: The hash on chain describing the extrinsic * **Status** : Did it work or not? * **Block**: The block where the extrinsic occurred. * **Timestamp**: When the block was issued * **Account**: the coldkey that called the eextrinsic * **Name**: The extrinsic called * **Extrinsic Fee**: Some extrinsics have a on-chain fee. ## Extrinsic Parameters ![Taostats extrinsic parameters panel with parsed and raw tabs listing named parameter label-value pairs](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-extrinsics-detail-parameters.png) Depending on the extrinsic called, these parameters may vary. This extrinsic shows a transfer of alpha to a different hotkey on Subnet 13. ## Events Extrinsics are carried out through chain events. This table lists all of the events tied to the Extrinsic: ![Taostats extrinsic detail events table with event ID, name, pallet, phase, extrinsic ID, and time columns](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-extrinsics-detail-events-table.png) * **Event ID**: Unique Identified for the event on chain * **Name**: Event Name * **Pallet**: Type of event called * **phase**: Phase of the event * **Extrinsic**: Extrinsic related to the event * **Time**: When the Events were called. --- # Extrinsics: batch Batch extrinsics allow many calls to be made in a single extrinsic. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/extrinsics/batch-extrinsics_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ Batch extrinsics allow many calls to be made in a single extrinsic. Batch extrinsics do what you expect - they are a compilation of many extrinsics, allowing the user to submit many transactions simultaneously. In Bittensor, there are three extrinsics for batching calls: * Utility.batch * Utility.batch\_all * Utility.force\_batch The differences: If an extrinsic in `Utility.batch` pr `Utility.batch_all` fails, all of the extrinsics fail. `Utility.force_batch`will execute all extrinsics, and ignore failures. Batch extrinsics are not free, and a fee will be assessed based on the calls inside. --- # Extrinsics: multisig Organizations can protect their wallets with multi-signature wallets _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/extrinsics/multisig-extrinsics_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ Organizations can protect their wallets with multi-signature wallets > [!NOTE] > **New to multisig?** > > For a step-by-step walkthrough see the [Multisig tutorial](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/security/multisig-tutorial), and for real flows decoded from the chain see [Multisig worked examples](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/security/multisig-examples). This page covers the underlying extrinsics. A multisignature wallet account requires several wallet accounts to sign off on any transaction that might take place. This is very useful for organizations - it increases security and distributes control of the account from one password to multiple passwords. There are tutorials on how to create and use multisig accounts at [polkadot.js](https://support.polkadot.network/support/solutions/articles/65000181826-how-to-create-and-use-a-multisig-account) In this tutorial, we will look at the extrinsics that are created during a multisig event on chain. There are three events * Multisig.as\_multi * Multisig.approve\_as\_multi * Multisig.cancel\_as\_multi ## The three stages of a multisig operation * **Start of the operation**: Either `Multisig.as_multi` or `Multisig.approve_as_multi` may kick off the operation. * In this step a `threshold` is set. This is the number of sigs required for the operation to be completed. * If the `Multisig.as_multi` is called, `[args][call]` describes the extrinsics to be processed on chain upon completion. * If the `Multisig.approve_as_multi` is called, \``[args][callHash]` is a hash that describes the extrinsics to be completed. * A fee is paid when completing a multisig process. This will be deducted from the coldkey of the wallet starting the multisig process. * **Collect signatures** In this step, subsequent calls are collected to reach the threshold. These can be `Multisig.as_multi` or `Multisig.approve_as_multi` calls. * These transactions contain a `maybeTimepoint` argument with two parameters to connect with the initial multisig call. * `height` the block number of the original call. * `index` The exttrinsic index of the original call. * **Complete the operation**. Either `Multisig.as_multi` or `Multisig.cancel` completes the operation. * `Multisig.as_multi` - completes the operation as successful. The threshold has been reached, and the calls denoted will now be run on chain. * `Multisig.cancel_as_multi` - as probably expected, this will cancel. * Cancel extrinsics have the `timepoint` extrinsic that matches the `maybeTimepoint` from the collection step. On a cancel step, this is required, so it is not "maybe" included in the extrinsic. * The fee is refunded to the key that kicked off the process. ## Examples ### Example 1: In this example - more than `threshold` calls are made - because the last call *must* be a `as_multi`. This multisig is being used to transfer 13.2 tao. #### Initial call See it on Taostats: [4472647-0009](https://taostats.io/extrinsic/4472647-0009) ```json { "id": "4472647-0009", "extrinsic_id": "4472647-0009", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 9, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "Multisig", "name": "approve_as_multi", "full_name": "Multisig.approve_as_multi", "args": { "callHash": "0x536a4ae2fe64d59a3b8a4fa4f9db38c728aa1f8216570d69b1be6274b6b50fdc", "maxWeight": { "proofSize": "0", "refTime": "0" }, "otherSignatories": [ "0x34fff9eeda79435aba922eb7af06924065d9a96f516093bc6801009c4317ae56", "0xd0a9c979be7514edc82b8f41d096212f8d5a2aacce2ddfe87a7f8ed1d9e06e55" ], "threshold": 2 }, "origin": { "__kind": "system", "value": { "__kind": "Signed", "value": "0xa2d7f3250155801ebfae9c5cc0d522a479d9110499630409be004a5b53838c34" } }, "origin_address": "0xa2d7f3250155801ebfae9c5cc0d522a479d9110499630409be004a5b53838c34", "timestamp": "2024-12-13T13:18:00Z", "block_number": 4472647 }, ``` In this initial call, the `approve_as_multi` is called. The signer of the extrinsic can be found in `origin_address`. There is a `threshold` of two - meaning one additional signature is required (and there are two `args/otherSignatories` that are eligible to complete the process). #### Second call See it on Taostats: [4472648-0009](https://taostats.io/extrinsic/4472648-0009) ```json { "id": "4472648-0009", "extrinsic_id": "4472648-0009", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 9, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "Multisig", "name": "approve_as_multi", "full_name": "Multisig.approve_as_multi", "args": { "callHash": "0x536a4ae2fe64d59a3b8a4fa4f9db38c728aa1f8216570d69b1be6274b6b50fdc", "maxWeight": { "proofSize": "0", "refTime": "0" }, "maybeTimepoint": { "height": 4472647, "index": 9 }, "otherSignatories": [ "0x34fff9eeda79435aba922eb7af06924065d9a96f516093bc6801009c4317ae56", "0xa2d7f3250155801ebfae9c5cc0d522a479d9110499630409be004a5b53838c34" ], "threshold": 2 }, "origin": { "__kind": "system", "value": { "__kind": "Signed", "value": "0xd0a9c979be7514edc82b8f41d096212f8d5a2aacce2ddfe87a7f8ed1d9e06e55" } }, "origin_address": "0xd0a9c979be7514edc82b8f41d096212f8d5a2aacce2ddfe87a7f8ed1d9e06e55", "timestamp": "2024-12-13T13:18:12Z", "block_number": 4472648 } ``` The second call is also `approve_as_multi`. It is matched to the first call by the extrinsic: ``` "maybeTimepoint": { "height": 4472647, "index": 9 }, ``` We can see that the `origin_address` matches one of the other\_signatories in the first call. > [!NOTE] > **Threshold** > > The threshold for this Multisig process is 2, and this is the 2nd signature. > > **BUT** The final multisig event **must be** a Multisig.as\_multi. So this extrinsic does not complete the Multisig. #### Third call See it on Taostats: [4472650-0006](https://taostats.io/extrinsic/4472650-0006) ```json { "id": "4472650-0006", "extrinsic_id": "4472650-0006", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 6, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "Multisig", "name": "as_multi", "full_name": "Multisig.as_multi", "args": { "call": { "__kind": "Utility", "value": { "__kind": "batch_all", "calls": [ { "__kind": "Balances", "value": { "__kind": "transfer_keep_alive", "dest": { "__kind": "Id", "value": "0xf02df68b1a1a9f72d868ee45c53e3a215abaaa1bb01b1f400aee16829547554e" }, "value": "13268437943" } }, { "__kind": "System", "value": { "__kind": "remark", "remark": "0x312d3078343061356638666237633661383839643765343563396636346566343830326233313238363831383932613633636439616633376330666539393263626334352d313934" } } ] } }, "maxWeight": { "proofSize": "8811", "refTime": "322610689" }, "maybeTimepoint": { "height": 4472647, "index": 9 }, "otherSignatories": [ "0x34fff9eeda79435aba922eb7af06924065d9a96f516093bc6801009c4317ae56", "0xd0a9c979be7514edc82b8f41d096212f8d5a2aacce2ddfe87a7f8ed1d9e06e55" ], "threshold": 2 }, "origin": { "__kind": "system", "value": { "__kind": "Signed", "value": "0xa2d7f3250155801ebfae9c5cc0d522a479d9110499630409be004a5b53838c34" } }, "origin_address": "0xa2d7f3250155801ebfae9c5cc0d522a479d9110499630409be004a5b53838c34", "timestamp": "2024-12-13T13:18:36.001Z", "block_number": 4472650 } ``` This is a `multisig.as_multi` and can conclude the multisig process. Note that the `origin_address` matches the `otherSignatories` from the previous calls, and the `maybeTimepoint` also references the original multisig call. We can finally see the extrinsics to be processed. A transfer of `13268437943`rao (13.27 tao) to wallet address `0xf02df68b1a1a9f72d868ee45c53e3a215abaaa1bb01b1f400aee16829547554e` will be processed now that the multisig has been completed. ### Example 2: in this example, the owners of Subnet 52 are setting the maximum registration cost to 8 tao. #### First call: This call sets the threshold at 2, and lists 3 other possible signers of the multisig: See it on Taostats: [4470399-0007](https://taostats.io/extrinsic/4470399-0007?network=finney) ```json "id": "4470399-0007", "extrinsic_id": "4470399-0007", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 7, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "Multisig", "name": "approve_as_multi", "full_name": "Multisig.approve_as_multi", "args": { "callHash": "0x6a26028b812fbabfc55b511ad30d43d494f422380bda41bf770752a0d97fad84", "maxWeight": { "proofSize": "4697", "refTime": "171339000" }, "otherSignatories": [ "0x4aac8da05fd543a7289230071e07cf84472e879ee6f05a580c560eed0371aa78", "0x8ad144093c8b47c08d87a4e2c720f27a1261257ef38a206b2c32b873fb2a0540", "0x96f712f459001d62d24425d0515d406cc974485fc1184c6ff3de08ecfdcd1658" ], "threshold": 2 }, "origin": { "__kind": "system", "value": { "__kind": "Signed", "value": "0x7843fc4a1bcb721d7dd67e613c33936ecc46dc898662f8bbd5554d9a53c6014e" } }, "origin_address": "0x7843fc4a1bcb721d7dd67e613c33936ecc46dc898662f8bbd5554d9a53c6014e", "timestamp": "2024-12-13T05:48:24Z", "block_number": 4470399 } ``` #### Second call: The `maybeTimepoint` matches the block/extrinisic of the first call. It is an `as_multi` call, and meets the threshold, so will complete the extrinsic. This call also exposes the calls that will be processed on chain - `Admin.sudo_set_max_burn`, which is used to set the max registration cost for a subnet. In thi9s case, SN 52 now has a maximum registration of 8 tao. See it on Taostats: [4470428-0008](https://taostats.io/extrinsic/4470428-0008) ```json { "id": "4470428-0008", "extrinsic_id": "4470428-0008", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 8, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "Multisig", "name": "as_multi", "full_name": "Multisig.as_multi", "args": { "call": { "__kind": "AdminUtils", "value": { "__kind": "sudo_set_max_burn", "maxBurn": "800000000", "netuid": 52 } }, "maxWeight": { "proofSize": "4697", "refTime": "171339000" }, "maybeTimepoint": { "height": 4470399, "index": 7 }, "otherSignatories": [ "0x7843fc4a1bcb721d7dd67e613c33936ecc46dc898662f8bbd5554d9a53c6014e", "0x8ad144093c8b47c08d87a4e2c720f27a1261257ef38a206b2c32b873fb2a0540", "0x96f712f459001d62d24425d0515d406cc974485fc1184c6ff3de08ecfdcd1658" ], "threshold": 2 }, "origin": { "__kind": "system", "value": { "__kind": "Signed", "value": "0x4aac8da05fd543a7289230071e07cf84472e879ee6f05a580c560eed0371aa78" } }, "origin_address": "0x4aac8da05fd543a7289230071e07cf84472e879ee6f05a580c560eed0371aa78", "timestamp": "2024-12-13T05:54:12Z", "block_number": 4470428 } ``` ### Example 3 (cancel) #### First call See it on Taostats: [4445415-0007](https://taostats.io/extrinsic/4445415-0007) ```json { "id": "4445415-0007", "extrinsic_id": "4445415-0007", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 7, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "Multisig", "name": "approve_as_multi", "full_name": "Multisig.approve_as_multi", "args": { "callHash": "0x0320ac365c31a9b66cc4b6819034f9ee0b5d739f1abb46155a3b5b7a65048777", "maxWeight": { "proofSize": "12296", "refTime": "3118516090" }, "otherSignatories": [ "0x103d4c4ee677d68bf2c73f370adbd03e7cbfbd3285c319f3d4b914d6db54f635", "0x660a7a15ed4368f4c0a12a1e75a6725587934645db38c91e13900a76b495b87b" ], "threshold": 3 }, "origin": { "__kind": "system", "value": { "__kind": "Signed", "value": "0xa0a381c42a7e069869a2489164b7532911a685d7011596aec733c49a80dd3214" } }, "origin_address": "0xa0a381c42a7e069869a2489164b7532911a685d7011596aec733c49a80dd3214", "timestamp": "2024-12-09T18:31:36Z", "block_number": 4445415 } ``` #### Second Call In the cancel call, `timepoint` connects to the initial extrinsic. This will cancel the multisig process. See it on Taostats: [4445425-0005](https://taostats.io/extrinsic/4445425-0005) ```json { "id": "4445425-0005", "extrinsic_id": "4445425-0005", "parent_id": null, "extrinsic_index": 5, "success": true, "error": null, "pallet": "Multisig", "name": "cancel_as_multi", "full_name": "Multisig.cancel_as_multi", "args": { "callHash": "0x0320ac365c31a9b66cc4b6819034f9ee0b5d739f1abb46155a3b5b7a65048777", "otherSignatories": [ "0x103d4c4ee677d68bf2c73f370adbd03e7cbfbd3285c319f3d4b914d6db54f635", "0x660a7a15ed4368f4c0a12a1e75a6725587934645db38c91e13900a76b495b87b" ], "threshold": 3, "timepoint": { "height": 4445415, "index": 7 } }, "origin": { "**kind": "system", "value": { "**kind": "Signed", "value": "0xa0a381c42a7e069869a2489164b7532911a685d7011596aec733c49a80dd3214" } }, "origin_address": "0xa0a381c42a7e069869a2489164b7532911a685d7011596aec733c49a80dd3214", "timestamp": "2024-12-09T18:33:36Z", "block_number": 4445425 } ``` --- # Extrinsics: proxy Proxies are wallets that are authorized by other wallets to perform tasks. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/extrinsics/proxy-extrinsics_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ Proxies are wallets that are authorized by other wallets to perform tasks. There are several proxy types on Bittensor, each with different permissions > [!NOTE] > **Securing your wallet** > > For how proxies fit into an overall wallet-security setup alongside ledgers and multisig, see [Securing a wallet: ledgers, multisig & proxies](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/security/securing-a-wallet). ## ✅ ProxyType Permission Table | ProxyType | Transfer Funds | Stake Tokens | Register | Govern | Admin (Sudo) | Non-Critical Calls | Full Access | | -------------------------- | -------------- | ------------ | -------- | ------ | ------------------------- | ------------------ | ------------------ | | **Any** | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | | **NonTransfer** | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | | **NonFungible** | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | | **Transfer** | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | | **SmallTransfer** | ✅ *(\< limit)* | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | | **Owner** | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ *(no sudo override)* | ✅ | ❌ | | **NonCritical** | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ *(no sudo or dissolve)* | ✅ | ❌ | | **Triumvirate** | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | | **Senate** | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | | **Governance** | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | | **Staking** | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | | **Registration** | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | | **RootWeights** | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ *(weights only)* | | **ChildKeys** | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ *(child ops)* | ❌ | | **SudoUncheckedSetCode** | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ *(set\_code only)* | ❌ | ❌ | | **SwapHotkey** | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ *(swap hotkey)* | ❌ | | **SubnetLeaseBeneficiary** | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ *(admin utils only)* | ❌ | ❌ | ## 💡 What the Columns Mean: Transfer Funds: Can do balance or transfer\_stake calls. Stake Tokens: Can add\_stake, remove\_stake, etc. Register: Can call register, burned\_register, root\_register. Govern: Can interact with Senate, Triumvirate, governance calls. Admin (Sudo): Has access to Sudo or sudo-like functions. Non-Critical Calls: Can do things that aren't dangerous or destructive. Full Access: Implies general-purpose, including sensitive actions. 📝 Notes SmallTransfer is a subset of Transfer, with a limit. Governance includes both Senate and Triumvirate. NonCritical blocks very sensitive calls (like dissolve\_network, sudo, etc.). SudoUncheckedSetCode only allows a specific kind of powerful system update. SubnetLeaseBeneficiary is a specialized admin group for managing serving parameters (difficulty, weight settings, etc.). --- # Taostats Pro Taostats Pro: Dashboard, Homepage, Investors, Portfolio, Portfolio data, Adding wallets to the portfolio, Taostats Pro: Mining, Send and transfer, Staking app… _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ - [Dashboard](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/dashboard) - [Homepage](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/homepage) - [Investors](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/investors) - [Portfolio](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/portfolio) - [Portfolio data](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/portfolio-data) - [Adding wallets to the portfolio](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/adding-wallets-to-the-portfolio) - [Taostats Pro: Mining](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/taostats-pro-mining) - [Send and transfer](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/send-and-transfer) - [Staking app](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/taostats-staking-app) - [Transfer app](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/taostats-transfer-app) - [Stake troubleshooting](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/stake-troubleshooting) - [The Taostats API](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/the-taostats-api) - [API usage](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/api-usage) - [Error codes](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/error-codes) - [Bittensor tax reporting](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/bittensor-tax-reporting) --- # Dashboard The taostats dashboard. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/dashboard_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ The taostats dashboard. Using the taostats dashboard does require a login - you can use Google, Github, email, or an anonymous pin login. ![Taostats Pro sign-in screen offering Google, GitHub, Email, and Anonymous login options below the tagline about managing stake, portfolio, and API access](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro-dashboard-login-screen.png) * Portfolio * Stake * Transfer * API Keys --- # Homepage The landing page of Taostats provides a high level overview of several important aspects of the Bittensor network. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/homepage_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ The landing page of Taostats provides a high level overview of several important aspects of the Bittensor network. * [Tao Summary](#tao-summary) * [Tao Trading Chart](#tao-trading-chart) * [Subnet overview](#subnet-overview) * [Subnet 0 data](#subnet-0-data) ## Tao Summary Across the top of the homepage is a summary of the current trading state of the $TAO token. ![Taostats homepage Tao Summary showing $TAO price, market cap, 24h volume, supply, blocks, accounts, and transfer counts](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-homepage-tao-summary.png) * **Current price**: in USD (and daily change) * **Market cap**: the value of all the **τ** currently in circulation. * **24h Volume**: How much **τ** was traded in the last day. * **Circulating Supply**: **τ** that has been minted and can be traded. * **Total Supply**: In \~2045, the final **τ** will be created, and there will be 21M TAO in circulation. ## Tao trading chart This chart lists the historical price and trading volume of **τ**. * The price of **τ** is shown with an orange line. * The daily volume is a blue bar chart, where each bar is one day's trading (in millions of USD). **Chart controls:** * **Trading View**: toggles on/off a trading view version of the chart * **Plus and minus buttons:** zoom in and zoom out. * **Magnifying glass** select the zoom region You can also click and zoom with a mouse. ![Taostats homepage TAO price line chart with volume bars spanning several years, with a hover tooltip showing price and volume for a selected date](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-homepage-tao-trading-chart.png) ## Subnets overview This summary of subnet data shows the top 8 subnets based on emission: * **Price**: The price of the alpha token, in tao. * **Market Cap**: Price \* circulating supply of alpha * **Emission** : percentage of tao that is emitted into the pool. [Subnet Emission](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/subnets/subnet-emissions)is determined by the price of the token. * **Last 7 days** Price over the last 7 days. ![Taostats homepage Subnets overview table listing subnet name, ID, price, market cap, emission percentage, and a 7-day sparkline, sorted by emission](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-homepage-subnets-overview-table.png) ## Validator Overview A summary of the top 8 validators (based on weighted stake). * **Weight**: root stake \*18% + sum of all alpha stake (in tao) * **Weight Change**: delta over the last day. * **Nominators**: Sum of nominators across all subnets. * **Root:Alpha**: Breakdown of Weight into root & Alpha contributions. ![Taostats homepage Validators overview table with validator name, weight, 24h weight change, nominator count, and a Root:Alpha percentage split bar](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-homepage-validators-overview-table.png) ## Transfers: A live view of all purchase activity with tao: ![Taostats homepage live Transfers table showing From, To, TAO amount, extrinsic ID, and time for recent transfers including Binance and Kraken Hot](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-homepage-transfers-table.png) ## Blocks A live block explorer: ![Taostats homepage live Blocks explorer table listing block height, spec version, hash, event count, extrinsic count, and time for recent blocks](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-homepage-blocks-explorer-table.png) ## Transactions Live listing of staking transactions ![Taostats homepage live Transactions table of subnet staking buys and sells with time, action, subnet, delegate, alpha, TAO, price, and coldkey columns](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-homepage-staking-transactions-table.png) --- # Investors A series of pages for Bittensor Investors _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/investors_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ A series of pages for Bittensor Investors * [Tokenomics](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/tokenomics/tokenomics) * [Yield](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/concepts/staking/yield) * [Where to Buy](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/where-to-buy) --- # Portfolio The portfolio page gives you detailed information about a wallet's staking history _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/portfolio_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ The portfolio page gives you detailed information about a wallet's staking history When a wallet is selected, data begins to appear: ![Taostats Pro portfolio overview showing wallet balance, earnings, gains, wallet rank, and a dual-line TAO/USD value chart](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro-portfolio-wallet-overview.png) ## Changing the timeframe The current view is 1 Month - in tao. The timeframes available are 1D, 1W, 1M and 1Y. The values can be shown in Tao of USD. ![Taostats Pro portfolio timeframe toggle set to 1M with a TAO/USD currency switch set to TAO](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro-portfolio-timeframe-currency-toggle.png) ## Balance Wallet balance in tao and USD ![Taostats Pro portfolio Balance panel showing the wallet's TAO balance, USD value, and 24-hour change](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro-portfolio-balance-panel.png) ## Earnings The values here depend on the timeframe selected. This screenshow shows a 5% growth, and 64% APY if extrapolated for a year. ![Taostats Pro portfolio Earnings, Gains, and Wallet Rank cards showing TAO earned, APY, and holder rank](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro-portfolio-earnings-panel.png) ## Chart ![Taostats Pro portfolio value chart with a teal TAO line and red USD line over roughly one month, labeled with high and low endpoints](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro-portfolio-value-chart.png) See how your portfolio has changed over time. Red is USD value, and teal is tao value. ## Holdings ![Taostats Pro portfolio Holdings table listing each subnet position with validator, stake percentage, alpha balance, TAO balance, earnings, and estimated APY](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro-portfolio-holdings-table.png) The holdings chart shows what alpha you hold. * Holding: The subnet * Validator: The validator you are staked to. * % of Stake: Percentage of your stake on this vali/subnet combo. * α Balance: Balance in alpha * τ Balance: Balance in tao. * α Earnings: Earnings in alpha over the selected timeframe * τ Earnings: Earnings in tao over the selected timeframe * % Earnings: Percentage change over timeframe * EST APY: Actual Earnings over the timeframe - extrapolated to one year. > [!NOTE] > **Why is the % and APY grayed out?** > > If you have purchased or sold alpha in the timeframe - we cannot calculate your actual earnings over that period. Try a shorter period, or wait until it has been a day/week, and your actual earnings will appear. * Buy: But more of this alpha * Sell: Sell this alpha * Data: Dig deeper ## Transactions ![Taostats Pro portfolio wallet Transactions table of recent subnet buys via Opentensor Foundation with time, type, subnet, alpha, TAO, and price columns](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro-portfolio-wallet-transactions-table.png) This table is similar to [Staking Transactions](https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/accounts/delegation), but just for your wallet. --- # Portfolio data The portfolio data page gives a deeper dive into your alpha stakes _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/portfolio-data_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ The portfolio data page gives a deeper dive into your alpha stakes Selecting a subnet's "Data" button will opena. page with details on how your stake is performing: The timeframe is set to 1 day, so this is the earings and APY over 1 day: ![Taostats Pro subnet portfolio dashboard with a header showing subnet name and rank, Buy and Sell buttons, total portfolio value, timeframe and TAO/USD toggles, an Earnings and Staking APY panel, and a Balance donut breaking down Bought, Earned, Transferred, and Sold](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro-subnet-earnings-apy-panel-v2.jpg) ![Taostats Pro portfolio Gains card showing realised and unrealised TAO gains, beside an Alpha Wallet Rank card](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro-subnet-gains-alpha-rank.png) ## Subnet information ![Taostats Pro subnet Market panel with four cards showing price, 24h market cap, 24h volume, and daily emissions in TAO with percentage changes](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro-subnet-market-metrics.png) ## Transactions on this Subnet ![Taostats Pro "Transactions on this Subnet" table of repeated buy orders via Opentensor Foundation with date, price, amount, value, worth now, and delta](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro-subnet-transactions-table.png) --- # Adding wallets to the portfolio The search box at the top of the portfolio page allows you to search any wallet. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/adding-wallets-to-the-portfolio_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ ![Taostats Pro portfolio search bar with a Bittensor wallet address entered, the "Add Account +" button, and a badge showing 6 saved wallets](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro-portfolio-add-wallet-search.png) The search box at the top of the portfolio page allows you to search any wallet. Once loaded, click "Add Account" to save this wallet with a name. In the screenshot above there are 6 wallets saved. ![Taostats Pro portfolio wallet-picker dropdown expanded from the search bar, listing saved wallets with delete icons](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro-portfolio-saved-wallets-dropdown.png) Clicking the arrow carat displays the list of saved wallets. Clicking loads that wallet's details. --- # Taostats Pro: Mining The Taostats Pro Mining dashboard is a Taostats Pro tool for miners to monitor their operations across subnets. _Source: https://beta.taostats.io/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro/taostats-pro-mining_ _Last reviewed: 2026-09-15_ The [Taostats Pro Mining dashboard](https://taostats.io/pro/mining) is a Taostats Pro tool for miners to monitor their operations across subnets. Add your miner coldkeys and the dashboard gives you a live view of hotkey status (immune, danger, deregistered), earnings per hotkey and per coldkey, and alpha balances aggregated across subnets. Use it to: - Track all your miner coldkeys and their hotkeys in one place. - See which hotkeys are at risk of deregistration before they drop off. - Compare earnings across subnets and time periods (day / week / month). - Aggregate alpha and TAO balances across every subnet you mine. Open it at [taostats.io/pro/mining](https://taostats.io/pro/mining). ## Adding Miners Enter your coldkey wallet in the search bar: ![Taostats Pro mining search bar prompting for a coldkey wallet address, with a "1" counter badge and an expand chevron](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro-mining-add-coldkey-search.png) Save this coldkey (and the coldkey of other miners) to quickly access miner details. ## Coldkey Details Once a miner coldkey is added, basic statistics appear: ![Taostats Pro Miner Stats panels showing mining alpha, free TAO, total balance, subnet count, coldkey earnings, and hotkey status breakdown](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro-mining-coldkey-stats.png) * **Miner Alpha**: A Sum of all alpha held in miner hotkeys (converted to tao). * **Total Other Alpha**: Alpha staked on validators. * **Total Free Tao**: Free tao * **Total Balance**: Total tao/alpha held by the coldkey * **Subnets**: Subnets where the miner is actively mining. * **All Earnings for Coldkey** : Earnings over the last day, week or month (based on selection at top) * **Average Earnings per Hotkey**: Tao/USD earning per hotkey over a period. * **Hotkey Stats**: * **Total:**: total number of hotkeys * **Immune**: current count (and total count over the period) of immune miners. * **Danger**: Danger Zone are miners close to being deregistered * **Dereg**: Count of miners dereged. ## Coldkey Table The coldkey table has one row for each subnet that each saved coldkey has active miners on. In this screenshot, we see just one coldkey, with active mining on 6 subnets: ![Taostats Pro mining Coldkey table for one coldkey across six subnets, with grouped balance, weekly earnings, and hotkey status columns](https://beta.taostats.io/images/docs/understanding-taostats/taostats-pro-mining-coldkey-table.png) Selecting a coldkey (or multiple coldkeys on a single subnet) will provide a total: * Coldkey: list of saved coldkeys * Subnet: subnets that the coldkeys are active on * Coldkey Balance: * Mining Alpha: Alpha on hotkeys from mining * Other Alpha: Alpha on hotkeys from staking * Free Tao: free tao on the coldkey * Total Tao: total (alpha + tao) * Earnings \